tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-16685159215523500692023-11-16T22:25:35.684+11:00The Terminator LinePatrick Harrisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09624056329807384704noreply@blogger.comBlogger125125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1668515921552350069.post-80738327657857629502022-05-24T09:26:00.001+10:002022-05-25T08:31:02.174+10:00The Climate Wars Are Over?<p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">The newly elected Labor government has an opportunity to "end the climate wars in Australia.", or so they have been quick to say. In fact, Albanese promised to do just that in his <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-05-22/anthony-albanese-acceptance-speech-full-transcript/101088736">victory speech</a>, and <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-05-24/anthony-albanese-joe-biden-quad-meeting-tokyo/101094698">affirmed this week</a> that his government would take action on climate change alongside the members of the "Quad" in Tokyo.</span></span><br></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="" height="92" 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" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400"></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-05-22/anthony-albanese-labor-ready-to-govern/101088900">ABC News, May 22</a><br></td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">It is certainly good news that the Liberal - National coalition has been served a resounding defeat. Their wavering between explicit climate denial and reliance on <a href="https://theconversation.com/scott-morrison-is-hiding-behind-future-technologies-when-we-should-just-deploy-what-already-exists-169016">"future technologies"</a> to decarbonise have left Australia a global laughing stock, and seen them thrown out of office.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">Conservative commentators have already started to<a href="https://www.skynews.com.au/opinion/paul-murray/albanese-wants-legacy-to-be-ending-the-climate-wars/video/6ab752c917f5dd42c759e15c8bab9575"> trot out the tired old lines</a>
- that the Labor policy of climate action will mean higher taxes, it
will destroy our industries, blah blah blah. They may be on the back
foot, but the fact that arch-conservatives like Angus Taylor and Barnaby
Joyce have held onto their seats means the 47th parliament won't be
free of their attacks. <br></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">But will the Labor government do any better on the world stage? Will their election really put the issue of climate change to bed? <br></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">But who Labor has in mind with this statement, I contend, is just as much the colours to their left (on this issue, at least): the Greens and Teal Independents, who have swept to victory in inner-city seats on a platform of major climate action. These policies <a href="https://theconversation.com/the-teals-and-greens-will-turn-up-the-heat-on-labors-climate-policy-heres-what-to-expect-183532">exceed the ALP's by far</a>, including such boat rocking details as no new coal mines and 75% of Australia's new vehicle sales to be EV.<br></span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">During the campaign, <a href="https://climateanalytics.org/media/auselection22_partyclimategoals_climateanalytics_1.pdf">Climate Analytics rated their 2030 targets</a> (a <a href="https://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Bills_Legislation/Bills_Search_Results/Result?bId=r6617">60% emission decrease</a> for the Teals and a <a href="https://www.smh.com.au/environment/climate-change/greens-announce-ambitious-new-emissions-targets-in-line-with-paris-20200703-p558ug.html">75% decrease</a> for the Greens) as both probably consistent with keeping within 1.5c of global warming by 2100, while Labor's policy of<a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-12-03/labor-announces-2030-emissions-reductions-target/100671512"> a 43% reduction</a> would lead to 2c of warming.</span></span><br></p>
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet"><p dir="ltr" lang="en">ANALYSIS: If the rest of the world took the same level of <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/climate?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#climate</a> action as Australia's political parties, the LNP would bring us 3-4˚C of warming, Labor 2˚C, Teal Independents 1.5˚C (upper band) & the Greens comfortably within 1.5˚C. <a href="https://t.co/PxySTyBd4x">https://t.co/PxySTyBd4x</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/AusVotes?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#AusVotes</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/Auspol?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#Auspol</a> <a href="https://t.co/5qvNT0O7dC">pic.twitter.com/5qvNT0O7dC</a></p>— Climate Analytics (@CA_Latest) <a href="https://twitter.com/CA_Latest/status/1522343523881996288?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">May 5, 2022</a></blockquote><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;"> <script async="" charset="utf-8" src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js"></script> </span></span><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">When Labor's policy for this election was announced, Prime Minister Scott Morrison cast doubt on Labor sticking to their own policy, calling it an <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-12-03/labor-announces-2030-emissions-reductions-target/100671512">"opening bid"</a> for negotiations with the Greens. Albanese and Chris Bowen shot down this statement, flatly stated that the ALP won't increase its 2030 emissions cut target - the only one which will have meaningful impact on averting runaway climate change. They wouldn't, <a href="https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/7609825/i-wont-be-doing-deals-albanese-shoots-down-greens-climate-pact/">they assured the media in February</a>, be doing any deals with the Greens, and nor would they be willing to move their emissions targets to form government. </span></span><br></p><p><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><span style="font-size: medium;">As I write this post, it looks like being a moot point, with Labor probably winning enough seats to form a majority government, but that still isn't set in stone. Albanese couldn't have been certain of that as he made his victory speech, which begs the question: why make this point so central to his speech?</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Does it signal that the results are a clear mandate for action exceeding the policy he took to the election? Was ScoMo right, and is Labor prepared to budge? <br></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Or does it signal that Albanese will face down the millions of voters who voted for action to match the science, and tell them - sorry, that is just too much?<br></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Does it mean that, like the last terms of Labor government, anything more than token gestures and incrementalism will be rubbished by Albanese as impossible, and anyone calling for policies in line with 1.5c will be slammed as out to wreck the Labor government and get the coalition re-elected? </span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><span style="font-size: medium;">To be fair to the ALP under our new Prime Minister, the policy Albanese has taken to the election is a pretty big increment; in fact, it is the most ambitious target an Australian government has ever attempted to get through parliament. Despite making ratifying Kyoto an election promise, the Rudd Labor government only offered a 25% by 2020 target if an agreement could be reached at the failed Copenhagen summit, and <a href="https://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/download/legislation/bills/r4281a_first/toc_pdf/1019b01.pdf;fileType=application%2Fpdf">"between 5% and 15% reduction by 2020"</a> in the CPRS legislation that was rejected by by Coalition and the Greens. It set a 2050 target of 60% reductions.<br><br>Gillard's Carbon Pricing mechanism had an explicit goal of 5% reduction on 2000 levels by 2020. The Australia Institute extrapolated the real emissions reduction, had the legislation not been repealed in 2013, to be down to 509 Mt of c02e - <a href="https://australiainstitute.org.au/post/key-gillard-era-reform-carbon-price-would-have-saved-72-million-tonnes-of-emissions/">25 million tonnes lower than what actually happened in 2020</a>, exactly in line with the 5% target. That projection is somewhat sketchy, as it doesn't take into account other factors that may have made the policy seem more effective in 2012. <br></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Mainstream NGOs and the parliamentary Greens agreed to fall in behind the Gillard government policy, pushing the climate movement into giving
up our independence for disastrous <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2011-06-05/thousands-say-yes-at-carbon-price-rallies/2746710">Say Yes!</a> rallies - and once the coal barons unleashed a mass campaign that saw a climate denier made Prime Minister and that legislation repealed, the movement was stuck in the doldrums. It took major global stimulus - the School Strike 4 Climate movement in 2018 - for climate activists to find their voice again.<br></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Taking that polarising and ultimately debilitating legislation at face value, if it continued at the same rate, it would have meant a reduction to 445 Mt
by 2030; the act set a 2050 target of 80% emissions reductions. The Albanese government's <a href="https://www.alp.org.au/policies/powering-australia">Powering Australia</a> policy target of 43% reduction (on 2005 emissions of 611 Mt)
means a 2030 reduction to 351 Mt. Clearly, there has been a major shift in what is accepted as possible since 2011.<br></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><span style="font-size: medium;">But however big an increment the incoming government may be aiming for, it is still, unfortunately, not in line with the science. Climate science demands all nations across the world globally make major, not incremental, changes within the decade; climate justice demands Australia leverage our fairly unique position as a fossil fuel exporter with major renewable assets to not only match the world, but lead the way.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Both the Greens and the new Teal actors on the stage have already started signalling that they will push Labor for action in line with the science.</span></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="" height="183" 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style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400"></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/live/2022/may/23/australia-news-live-update-anthony-albanese-labor-majority-coalition-liberals-nationals-election-results-latest-updates">Monique Ryan in the Guardian, 23rd May</a><br></td></tr></tbody></table><br><div><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">Just like that last Labor government, Albanese is going to face internal battles, even to implement the policy as it stands without massive caveats. Opinions have changed, but institutions are slower to shift -it feels like a long time ago, but it is only three short years since the CFMEU was organising <a href="https://www.smh.com.au/federal-election-2019/we-haven-t-done-this-before-pro-coal-activists-hit-the-streets-to-spruik-mining-20190427-p51hry.html">pro-coal rallies in Queensland</a>.<br></span></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><br></span></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">The climate wars are just beginning. The movement needs to be ready to take to the streets and fight for climate action, not be lulled into complacency by the election of Greens and Teals. There will be push back from the right; there will be internal pressure to water down the electoral policy; and even the pressure from the parliamentary left can't be relied upon - Allegra Spender, the independent for Wentworth, already indicated she would settle for '<a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-05-22/kooyong-josh-frydenberg-monique-ryan-federal-election-2022/101088924">at least 50%' reductions</a>' by 2030. If the rest of the Teal independents settled for negotiating this goal with Labor, it would still take them out of the "upper band" of a 1.5c trajectory.<br></span></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><br></span></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">2030 is less than three full terms of government
away. There is a vanishing window to reduce emissions before we cross the threshold of 1.5c. While it is a global target, if we are to do our part, we need to
get the ball rolling - now. There's no time to put the heavy lifting off
to.</span></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;"> </span></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">We have an opportunity under this government to get real climate action in line with the science. And above all, our movement needs to remain fiercely independent, and not fall into line behind the ALP policy - or any compromise target between the politics and the science - like we did in 2011.</span></span><br></div>Patrick Harrisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09624056329807384704noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1668515921552350069.post-34536923769965356472021-04-20T17:05:00.003+10:002021-04-20T17:06:00.377+10:00Go For Zero, ditch the Net<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
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</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="tojvnm2t">In the middle of weeks of <a href="https://reneweconomy.com.au/chart-of-the-day-record-wind-output-on-australias-main-grid-on-tuesday/">positive news</a> about
renewables, the Grattan Institute released a report outlining the economic case
for a transition to renewable energy. You'd be mistaken for thinking this well-researched
report would have our governments, and market investors, scrambling to act.
Saving the climate can also save investors - and electricity users - money, or
so they would have us believe.</span></span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="tojvnm2t">The truth is, the report - titled ‘<a href="https://grattan.edu.au/report/go-for-net-zero/">Go for Net Zero</a>’ -
falls far short of the mark. </span></span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="tojvnm2t">Don't get me wrong - the report is meticulously
modelled and researched, and it all adds up. It starts by looking at the
current policy debate; given the goals of our two major parties to reach <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-02-21/labor-to-announce-net-zero-carbon-emissions-2050/11986308">net zero by 2050</a> (<a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-04-20/scott-morrison-australia-inner-city-net-zero-emissions-biden/100080402">or "ideally" so</a>), and the fact that most of our coal
plants are due to retire by then, if not sooner, what would the lowest overall
cost option be? </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="tojvnm2t"> </span></span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="tojvnm2t"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZN9C4UiBZA12PkvvXpBeOebuCof9FTNIX9b766CuH4mUVZQMwzKXbtWZoPHzyQXJDlwPIYFZRgQcpxSjiHeJajM8bSKvZEwJAkWpaFdbRD7tvoMi1p5a4co_QDLaXB9ltvt_WZS1OSFU/s1191/Figure+1.1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1080" data-original-width="1191" height="363" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZN9C4UiBZA12PkvvXpBeOebuCof9FTNIX9b766CuH4mUVZQMwzKXbtWZoPHzyQXJDlwPIYFZRgQcpxSjiHeJajM8bSKvZEwJAkWpaFdbRD7tvoMi1p5a4co_QDLaXB9ltvt_WZS1OSFU/w400-h363/Figure+1.1.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Figure 1.1 from page 6 - we'll be referring back to this one<br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /></span></span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="tojvnm2t">From here, the report gets into an extensive discussion
of the technical challenges in converting Australia’s main grid, the National
Electricity Market (NEM), to run on renewables. This isn't ground-breaking - I
have talked about some of these in <a href="http://terminatorline.blogspot.com/2020/05/can-you-live-15c-life-pt-1.html">earlier posts</a> - but the detailed research
and costing on different options, drawn from the most up-to-date science and
prices, is useful to examine. I’m going to do my best to summarise it and do it
justice, before I get into my points of criticism. </span></span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="tojvnm2t">The report looks at costs from two primary points of
view - the "levelised" or "system" cost of electricity
provided by different power stations, which are currently paid by private
companies building assets, and flow onto consumers as wholesale and then retail
costs (with a fluctuating degree of profit and losses along the way - the
report is quick to point out that it essentially is forecasting the total
system costs, not prices on our energy bills); and the cost of building
transmission infrastructure, which is usually shelled out by government or
regulators, which NEM users then pay as a direct fee added to their bill. </span></span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="tojvnm2t">Renewable energy already provides <a href="https://www.irena.org/newsroom/pressreleases/2020/Jun/Renewables-Increasingly-Beat-Even-Cheapest-Coal-Competitors-on-Cost">cheaper wholesale power than fossil fuels</a>, even in a market like Australia without a price on
carbon emissions. The trouble is, it's easier to distribute electricity from a
small number of large fossil-fuel plants than a lot of smaller renewable energy
assets, which need to be spread across a wide variety of climates to make sure
some can keep generating even if there's bad weather in a particular region. At
present, our grid has a mix of the two, which makes power cheap (even <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-09-09/negative-power-prices-will-not-help-consumers-in-the-short-term/11485614">sending wholesale prices below zero</a>) when the weather is good, but providing enough
even when it isn't. </span></span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="tojvnm2t">Running a grid on renewables also requires some
built-in storage to handle small fluctuations caused by changes in weather,
which add to the cost as well; these could fall into either category of costs
in the NEM, but moreso wholesale ones, as big batteries (like the <a href="https://hornsdalepowerreserve.com.au/">Tesla one in South Australia</a>) or pumped hydro (like <a href="https://www.snowyhydro.com.au/snowy-20/about/">Snowy 2.0</a> or the <a href="https://www.genexpower.com.au/250mw-kidston-pumped-storage-hydro-project.html">Kidston mine</a>) work
within the wholesale market, buying low and selling high. The report doesn't
model household battery storage or rooftop solar increasing above present rates,
and it allows for a big uptake in electric vehicles. </span></span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="tojvnm2t">The trouble, then, is finding the option that balances
those two kinds of costs. The report picks the date 2040, and projects the
balance of costs of what is projects to be the three most viable options by
that point, which I'll call A, B and C: keeping the present level of renewable
power and replacing retiring coal plants with the most up-to-date technology
(A), letting renewables displace coal and keeping 30% of the grid fossil
fuelled (B), and shutting all the NEM's coal plants by 2040, moving to 90%
renewables, and relying on gas-fired power for the remaining 10% (C). To make
those options a little more concrete, here's what A-C look like when compared
with the timeline of our coal plants retiring back in Figure 1.1: </span></span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="tojvnm2t"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="tojvnm2t"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFbXR9gAVhwjVIDnEh7QVp5rAEEdNEFMR4xGiC0jQV0KuELcEeanfASqoYqvXkME2SbUXFY1D_gMp6XH1qGw9AGRQBwufdxzGBPO3SOtAUul_WS6qCHyGT000S6spGe5HlFI63DKFaPuk/s1191/Figure+1.1+retirement+plan.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1080" data-original-width="1191" height="363" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFbXR9gAVhwjVIDnEh7QVp5rAEEdNEFMR4xGiC0jQV0KuELcEeanfASqoYqvXkME2SbUXFY1D_gMp6XH1qGw9AGRQBwufdxzGBPO3SOtAUul_WS6qCHyGT000S6spGe5HlFI63DKFaPuk/w400-h363/Figure+1.1+retirement+plan.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Figure 1.1 as three retirement plans for coal<br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /> </span></span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="tojvnm2t">It isn't very surprising, given what I said earlier,
that A and B end up costing basically the same, as there's still enough coal in
the grid to cover most of the gaps, and the present infrastructure doesn't need
to change very much. But even C, wiping out over 90% of emissions from our
grid, comes out as less than 10% more expensive – increased investment in “smoothing”
assets like transmission and storage balanced by cheaper production:</span></span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieJSmuRAPGMdinModBh5QzdJ_5VTl3BTYWvxFkdEiarc0LA6BKBMVij5e_6B1eiqmA2deCipIbl6dYoy1_i0T9ancEYHk77vLWEmY-RjaGFRGEtIvsBUPg_62rSRJPQl7yXCk_A1KukXU/s2048/figure+2.4.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1252" data-original-width="2048" height="245" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieJSmuRAPGMdinModBh5QzdJ_5VTl3BTYWvxFkdEiarc0LA6BKBMVij5e_6B1eiqmA2deCipIbl6dYoy1_i0T9ancEYHk77vLWEmY-RjaGFRGEtIvsBUPg_62rSRJPQl7yXCk_A1KukXU/w400-h245/figure+2.4.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Page 20.<br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;">Given the goal of our major parties is Net Zero – reaffirmed today by our
Prime Minister, getting <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-04-20/scott-morrison-australia-inner-city-net-zero-emissions-biden/100080402">a swipe in</a> on inner-city voters concerned about climate
change in the process – then how do we get there? This is where carbon offsets
come in. The authors look at different prices and project the cost of buying offsets
to match the emissions under A, B and C. At today’s prices for offsets (around
$15/t), sticking with coal in A and paying to offset our emissions would still
come out cheapest. But with even moderate rises in the cost of carbon offsets
(inevitable as Australia, and the world, moves to net zero emissions), B almost certainly be cheapest, or even C:</span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOD7ygga2-p4bsskXOKbCG9kyEZptLDb5V51usXKdcSWwoJU_VDs5zKR0lvroKVA7p3l3XuxXkAsxd-yqlMNdTqcf6DJ6AcSsl4O89aCwfbbdnB86tINW_z3TlEhFKOT5ZLKzQKEEYdzM/s598/offset+cost+equation.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="598" data-original-width="504" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOD7ygga2-p4bsskXOKbCG9kyEZptLDb5V51usXKdcSWwoJU_VDs5zKR0lvroKVA7p3l3XuxXkAsxd-yqlMNdTqcf6DJ6AcSsl4O89aCwfbbdnB86tINW_z3TlEhFKOT5ZLKzQKEEYdzM/w338-h400/offset+cost+equation.png" width="338" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The offset cost equation - Page 38<br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;">But if the costs for C didn’t end up being that much higher, why is there no
model for option D – 100% renewable energy? This one would require no offsets
at all. The authors dismiss politicians like the <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2021/feb/03/nationals-coal-push-disrupts-scott-morrisons-climate-policy-pivot">Nats pushing for new coal</a>, but
they also dismiss the Greens <a href="https://greens.org.au/campaigns/100-renewables-revolution">pushing for this target</a>. They don’t say it’s
impossible, but that the cost to remove that final 10% of fossil-fuelled electricity
from the NEM would be far higher than relying on a moderate amount of transitional
gas-fired power and offsetting the remaining emissions (10mt annually) until
the other options become more affordable.</span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;">Thus, the report is titled “Go for Net Zero”; it could just as easily be
titled “Don’t Go For Zero”.</span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;">The technical challenges of transitioning to a 100% renewable grid are real,
and the authors look at various ways of solving the big one – what they call
the “winter problem”. Up to 8 hours of battery or pumped hydro storage would
see the NEM grid through the worst expected weather in summer, when the days
are long and solar power has many hours to produce. But with the shorter daylight
hours of winter, there could be days, weeks or fortnights where far less energy
can be produced than is needed; our houses, after all, <a href="https://ajp.com.au/news/glorified-tents-kill-aussies-winter/">are glorified tents</a>, and
take a lot of energy to heat during such spells. </span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;">The key word here is “could”; a 100% renewable grid would need a solution to
this problem to ensure supply, but in most winters it might only be drawn on
sparingly or not at all. No power plant operators would want to invest in an
asset that they can’t rely on using, and thus recouping their costs, every
year.</span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;">To their credit, the authors look at most of the options which have been
mooted to solve this problem in prior papers on this issue, like Beyond Zero Emission’s
<a href="https://bze.org.au/research_release/stationary-energy-plan/">Stationary Energy plan</a>. But they load them down with caveats and assumptions which
rule them out, when they could just as easily rule them in. I’m going to examine
those now, and suggest how their supposed pitfalls might easily be overcome.</span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;">It seems as though the natural answer to this problem is storage – if it’s
good enough to keep solar power running through the night, then surely it’s
good enough to get us through winter? The trouble is capacity. By their models,
it would take us around 9 Snowy 2.0s worth of storage in reserve to get through
the “winter problem”, and they would need to start the worst fortnight full. There
are big problems with this approach – lack of viable dams or reservoirs, for a
start – and even if we could do something clever like <a href="https://reneweconomy.com.au/agl-advances-plan-to-convert-hunter-valley-coal-mine-into-huge-pumped-hydro-facility/">turn former mines into pumped hydro installations</a>, the capital costs would take a long time to be recouped, and interest would keep piling up.</span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;">Biomass is another option the authors look at. Powered by burning wood, primarily,
along with other sources like <a href="https://theconversation.com/capturing-the-true-wealth-of-australias-waste-82644">landfill waste gases</a>, biomass provides a lot of
power in Europe – around half of all renewables – and, while it emits carbon
when it is burnt, it is carbon that has been drawn out of the atmosphere by trees.
It could, then be considered “carbon neutral”. So why don’t the authors use it
as the 10% backup instead of gas? The capital costs are high, but the main barrier
is fuel. </span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;">Right now, biomass from agriculture and forestry waste in Australia is
cheap, but it is likely to get more expensive. The authors suggest using it as
our winter backstop would raise prices and require dedicated farming – not necessarily
a bad thing, as that could be a carbon abatement or even draw-down mechanism – but
while it might price in projects to harvest biomass that is currently wasted, it might
also price in less genuinely carbon-neutral options, like shipping wood pellets
in from North America – <a href="https://www.vox.com/science-and-health/2019/3/4/18216045/renewable-energy-wood-pellets-biomass">as Europe does today</a>.</span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;">Hydrogen is the main option that the authors see as potentially solving the “winter
problem”. I’ve written about <a href="https://terminatorline.blogspot.com/2020/07/here-comes-hydrogen.html">the technology here</a>; to summarise, hydrogen
produced through electrolysis is as clean as the electricity that fuels it, and
it can be used as transport fuel, in industrial processes – or burnt for emissions-free
electricity. </span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;">That could easily provide the solution to our “winter problem”, as hydrogen
can be produced in the summer to soak up excess production, and burnt in winter
as needed. But if hydrogen is to be used for industrial applications, such as <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/thyssenkrupp-steel-hydrogen-idUSL8N2FU1JN">carbon neutral steel</a> to go into all of our new power infrastructure, then it would need to be able to produce a regular supply
– and thus, it might require its own renewable energy plants to ensure it,
prone to the “winter problem” themselves. </span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;">This is the case for a lot of
projects right now – renewable agency ARENA is <a href="https://arena.gov.au/assets/2019/11/ARENA-Media-Release_Commercial-Scale-Hydrogen-Funding-Round-231119.pdf">providing startup funding</a> for
these kind of standalone proposals – but a viable business model could also be based on hydrogen production connected to the grid, building up a
supply of hydrogen over summer to see us through the winter – and in the
spring, selling the excess to the steel industry - <a href="https://createdigital.org.au/hydrogen-australias-next-big-export-opportunity/">or northern hemisphere countries</a> which are already looking
to use hydrogen in the same way, like Singapore or Japan, before their own winter
begins.<br /></span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;">Together, these three options could provide the answer to the “winter
problem” – even the authors admit that they may already be cost effective, if
offset prices soar above their highest modelled price of $200/t. And as they
start to be used they are likely to grow cheaper to build, as solar and wind
did.</span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;">But the question is, why does it matter what the absolute cheapest option
for de-carbonising our grid is? Aren’t there other things to consider – like what
is the fastest? Or fairest? </span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;">That leads onto my bigger criticisms of this report. There are two main ways
in which the framework the authors have set themselves falls short of the mark:
the “market mechanisms above all” logic of the NEM, which got us into the
problem of climate change in the first place, needs to be questioned, and amended
– or ditched. And why we are even aiming for net zero needs to make sense.</span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;">The Grattan Institute’s report is essentially limited to decarbonising the
NEM as it exists today. But the NEM <a href="https://aemo.com.au/en/energy-systems/electricity/national-electricity-market-nem/about-the-national-electricity-market-nem">has only existed since 1998</a>, and it was
only joined by Tasmania in 2006. It has been useful to create an interconnected
grid across Australia’s east coast, but it is an institution of the neoliberal
era, and takes it for granted that market approaches will always be cheapest. That
is <a href="https://theconversation.com/the-case-for-renationalising-australias-electricity-grid-73951">far from the case.</a> </span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;">You remember, back at the start where I said the system cost for the power
plants in the NEM is paid by private investors? Actually, it was largely paid
by the taxpayers, or by governments issuing bonds - who then sold the assets to private companies in the era of privatisation. This isn't ancient history, and happened <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_Commission_of_New_South_Wales#Privatisation">less than ten years ago</a> in NSW. </span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;">The companies that bought up assets made
sure they got a good deal, but they expect a return on their investments. Private
companies don’t do things for the public good, but to make a profit – and they
pay higher rates of interest on loans than governments do, so assets built by
them will usually be more expensive than if they were funded by taxpayers. They
also prefer to build assets that will quickly repay the capital investment
required – like solar PV and wind, but not like <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-04-05/solar-thermal-plant-will-not-go-ahead-in-port-augusta/10973948">concentrated solar thermal</a>, or assets
only planned to be used intermittently.</span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;">The structure of the NEM has been naturally resistant to big changes, since
they have to pass all sorts of tests. Even a no-nonsense extra connection
between NSW and SA, facilitating better transmission and unlocking large areas
on the borders of those two states for solar investments, has taken many years
of discussion and better-off-overall testing <a href="https://reneweconomy.com.au/get-on-with-it-regulator-urged-to-approve-sa-nsw-interconnector-as-coal-lobby-objects/">to get approved</a>. Under
this framework, one of the biggest solutions to the “winter problem” provided
by BZE's 2010 report will never even be considered: turning our grid into a true
coast-to-coast grid to rival Europe’s “<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_super_grid">super grid</a>”, by interconnecting Western
Australia &or the Northern Territory to the NEM.</span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;">The idea of connecting all of Australia’s states to a single grid hasn’t
been widely explored – as far as I can tell, market regulator AEMO has never
even assessed it. But it would allow the transport of solar energy from across
three time zones, as well as opening up areas of high solar resource like the
Nullarbor for development of power plants. And it would do a lot to solve the “winter
problem”, along with implementing a strategic reserve based on the above
technical solutions. We could effectively extend the available winter daylight
by 2 hours. The amount of duplication, or “overbuilding”, required would be far
less.</span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;">Regardless of that proposal, the concept of keeping a strategic reserve of electricity in store for the
worst winters isn’t out of the question. When it comes to something like transport
fuel, which is necessary to keep society running through global disruptions (or
to go to war), governments around the world think nothing of spending up big to
keep huge reserves on hand. World agreements demand we should keep <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-04-22/government-to-buy-fuel-secure-national-stockpile/12173276">90 days of transport fuel</a> available. So why can’t we break beyond the market mindset
and think that our government might have a similar strategic reserve of stored
electricity (and the assets to use it) to address the defining problem of the
21<sup>st</sup> century, averting runaway climate change?</span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;">That leads to my second criticism: the authors of this report mention our Paris Agreement
commitments to address climate change, and then move straight onto the
goalposts of our two major parties. But our two major parties have no interest
in policies that will do anything meaningful about climate change. <br /></span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;">The science grows more clear every day – in fact, the same week ‘Go for Net
Zero’ was released, the Climate Council <a href="https://www.climatecouncil.org.au/resources/net-zero-emissions-plummet-decade/">released another report</a> stating that,
if we are to keep to the Paris Agreement goal of limiting warming to 1.5c, then
we will need to do the heavy lifting of emissions reductions this decade, and
hit net zero by 2035, before moving into net negative emissions and drawing
down excess carbon. A slow transition, at the rate the market will deliver,
will mean the death of the Great Barrier Reef, and it may not be enough to prevent
the crossing of ‘tipping points’ that send us into irreversible climate change.</span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Reports on
renewable energy today must highlight the abject inadequacy of net zero by 2050
and the rate at which market mechanisms are decarbonising the grid, not take it
as a given.</span> <br /></span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;">What, then, does the retirement plan we need actually look like? Something
more like this:</span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi75XbbZoLkBfsfv8Ug5xcXEtfUotZGCBJlIIadp2JvbRa2yjDEqnuxkWua7cUJEREPRR4kxTtZ9f4cxsxsfirPgOkDUBvleCXMcMCZoBbUq-9VRlzFs3CM9lNfYgYDOOT8MiL1z2uHi04/s1191/Figure+1.1+as+we+need+it.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1080" data-original-width="1191" height="363" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi75XbbZoLkBfsfv8Ug5xcXEtfUotZGCBJlIIadp2JvbRa2yjDEqnuxkWua7cUJEREPRR4kxTtZ9f4cxsxsfirPgOkDUBvleCXMcMCZoBbUq-9VRlzFs3CM9lNfYgYDOOT8MiL1z2uHi04/w400-h363/Figure+1.1+as+we+need+it.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Figure 1.1 with policy to match the science<br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;">Fossil fuel profiteers don’t want to see this kind of action, or policy and
targets that will lead to it. It would mean turning a lot of their “sunk costs”
into “<a href="https://www.marketforces.org.au/info/key-issues/stranded-assets/">stranded assets</a>”, never able to recoup the cost of investment.
Funnily enough, although this phrase has been in the policy debate, it hasn’t
shown up in the report. Maybe it’s because the Grattan Institute is funded by investors
in those assets, such as founding member and coal capitalist BHP, or affiliate
and gas capitalist Woodside? </span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZRj1DKOEb1aK87eLFSingcCZHyJlmM3bPlru_Q6RqBGySXpQXESuR8H_QYATzz3UF7zPS1nfoRvvX67qMj32XieA_wM1_6G8vD6wk8100ygy62wQpbScx-5xhJYgd5QH4eaFAi7isT7k/s781/conflict+of+interest.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="781" data-original-width="637" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZRj1DKOEb1aK87eLFSingcCZHyJlmM3bPlru_Q6RqBGySXpQXESuR8H_QYATzz3UF7zPS1nfoRvvX67qMj32XieA_wM1_6G8vD6wk8100ygy62wQpbScx-5xhJYgd5QH4eaFAi7isT7k/w326-h400/conflict+of+interest.png" width="326" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-size: medium;">
</span><p><span style="font-size: medium;">Regardless of that potential (and undeclared) conflict of interest, the
report’s authors have done considerable legwork in modelling our transition.
And, although they have claimed that we need to “Go for Net Zero” and not “100%
renewables”, they have shown that we are already on the cusp of that major transition
– and the technologies to do it are already there.</span><span style="font-size: medium;"></span></p>Patrick Harrisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09624056329807384704noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1668515921552350069.post-90085271938966752082021-04-08T13:47:00.004+10:002021-04-08T17:55:24.659+10:00Greta Thunberg v the Australian Academy of Science<div><span style="font-size: medium;"><i>Or - is 1.5c really out of reach? </i><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;">The Australian Academy of Science recently released <a href="https://www.science.org.au/supporting-science/science-policy-and-analysis/reports-and-publications/risks-australia-three-degrees-c-warmer-world">a report</a> on how damaging 3c of global warming would be to Australia's climate. This number wasn't arrived at by accident; it is the projected result of the current global action under the <a href="https://unfccc.int/process-and-meetings/the-paris-agreement/the-paris-agreement">Paris Agreement</a>, even though that agreement claims to target a 1.5c to 2c maximum on warming. </span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;">The report projects the dangers that we can expect from the 3c rise of those business-as-usual emissions pledges - death of the great barrier reef, failure or severely reduced productivity of most Australian agriculture systems, hundreds of thousands of homes lost. These details were, in themselves, <a href="https://www.smh.com.au/environment/climate-change/barrier-reef-doomed-as-up-to-99-percent-of-coral-at-risk-report-finds-20210331-p57fng.html">newsworthy</a>, but sadly, not unusual.<br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;">More alarming, though, it also contained another projection: that it is now "virtually impossible" to limit global warming to 1.5c:</span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></div><div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"><i>"Limiting climate change to 1.5°C is now virtually impossible. A rapid transition to </i><i>net zero greenhouse gas emissions is required if the international community is </i><i>to limit warming to “well below 2°C” in line with the Paris Agreement."</i></span></div></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;">This exact claim runs at odds with most established science, and has drawn a lot of consternation from the scientific community and climate activists - even Greta Thunberg has echoed calls not to take the report as a defeat, while <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/apr/03/every-choice-matters-can-we-cling-to-hope-of-avoiding-15c-heating">scientists have argued against the methodology</a>. </span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></div><blockquote class="twitter-tweet"><p dir="ltr" lang="en"><span style="font-size: medium;">"Climate is not like a footy match where you lose and it is game over. The climate game continues, so even if the 1.5C game is lost, it is still game-on for 1.6C and 1.7C. /.../every fraction of a degree, every year and every choice matters."<a href="https://t.co/imNVz9k3O2">https://t.co/imNVz9k3O2</a></span></p><span style="font-size: medium;">— Greta Thunberg (@GretaThunberg) <a href="https://twitter.com/GretaThunberg/status/1379352419168047107?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">April 6, 2021</a></span></blockquote><span style="font-size: medium;"> <script async="" charset="utf-8" src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js"></script> </span><div><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;">Let's examine how the report arrived at the much-discussed projection, and see if the projection is actually substantiated.<br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;">It starts from the scientific consensus on emissions pathways, as documented in the <a href="https://www.ipcc.ch/sr15/">IPCC Special Report on 1.5c</a>. So far, so good. The red band is what would happen if current climate policies are maintained, orange if the Paris Accord pledges for future action are met - and green is what we actually need to do to guarantee a <a href="http://terminatorline.blogspot.com/2020/04/15.html">1.5c limit to warming and a safe climate</a>:<br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvtxY9L45ahSwt19y18ktHchk4J6C5BiMwz1uds4lAZuWr8dOSF4I8OzpkHL28qqQAsT2QptYEYrpirGrbtjoLtO4uaDHHpjqyyOnUlkIWSdHkY0SYdHhOwlWtua0KuFSLsLJX9CNonsI/s1230/emissions+reductions+pathways.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="757" data-original-width="1230" height="246" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvtxY9L45ahSwt19y18ktHchk4J6C5BiMwz1uds4lAZuWr8dOSF4I8OzpkHL28qqQAsT2QptYEYrpirGrbtjoLtO4uaDHHpjqyyOnUlkIWSdHkY0SYdHhOwlWtua0KuFSLsLJX9CNonsI/w400-h246/emissions+reductions+pathways.png" width="400" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Page 18<br /></span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span><div><span style="font-size: medium;">However, the authors then break the timeline down into a carbon budget - putting a number on the amount of greenhouse gases that can still be emitted before that outcome is locked in. And that is where things get a little more anxiety-inducing:<br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgceCQ1giB2D93jnSsV1RMOeW4D7tNUseo5k3lyiS09ZDP6WWqE2w6qhgLuY5gFgT3IVVgZ5pGhucJJAHX_J2Mp1YZrLmfegQSvGM9BNodUhhdgud8aADe_5zmS51eq7O5yCnlOS0ftnow/s907/remaining+carbon+budget.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="897" data-original-width="907" height="395" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgceCQ1giB2D93jnSsV1RMOeW4D7tNUseo5k3lyiS09ZDP6WWqE2w6qhgLuY5gFgT3IVVgZ5pGhucJJAHX_J2Mp1YZrLmfegQSvGM9BNodUhhdgud8aADe_5zmS51eq7O5yCnlOS0ftnow/w400-h395/remaining+carbon+budget.png" width="400" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Page 19 - keep in mind this is carbon, not c02e<br /></span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span><div><span style="font-size: medium;">Based on that IPCC special report, the remaining carbon budget to keep to a 1.5c timeline is 155 gigatons of carbon. The authors have taken that number, subtracted 25 to account for other greenhouse gas emissions, and 70 for carbon cycle feedbacks, to come up with a number of 40 remaining gigatons before we have crossed, irreversibly, beyond 1.5c of warming in the system - by their estimate, around 3-4 years at the present rate before those 155gt have all been emitted.</span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;">If we actually only have 40gt of current emissions left until 1.5c and our chance of preserving a safe climate is gone, then we really should start to panic - global c02 emissions from energy alone in 2020 were <a href="https://www.iea.org/reports/global-energy-review-2020/global-energy-and-co2-emissions-in-2020">30.6 Gt</a>, which was "<a href="https://www.carbonbrief.org/global-carbon-project-coronavirus-causes-record-fall-in-fossil-fuel-emissions-in-2020">the largest ever</a>" reduction on the prior year. Joy!<br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;">But there is a huge problem with those numbers: the 25gt of other gases has already been accounted for in the original 155gt base budget. Even more confusing is the 70gt. It is attributed to the <a href="https://www.climatecouncil.org.au/resources/water-security-report/">wrong source</a>, and comes from <a href="https://www.pnas.org/content/115/33/8252?mod=article_inline">this 2018 paper </a>and its <a href="https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/suppl/2018/07/31/1810141115.DCSupplemental/pnas.1810141115.sapp.pdf">supporting information supplement</a> - but from my reading, the source doesn't say that crossing the line of 1.5c of warming will trigger all of those emissions, and definitely not straight away. The source speaks in terms of estimated impact by 2100, not within a matter of years and thresholds. And it doesn't even mention a 1.5c timeline, let alone estimate carbon cycle feedbacks by 2100 if we keep within 1.5c of warming.<br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;">In plain language, carbon cycle feedbacks are massive changes, where existing systems reach "tipping points" that mean they permanently change from one state to another, and that this new state will cause further climate change on its own. The classic examples estimated in the report are permafrost melting (releasing frozen methane, accelerating further warming and methane release) and Amazon forest dieback (ending the forest's ability to suck up carbon as it changes into savanna). Perhaps the best-known example of a tipping point is the melting of our Arctic ice sheets, raising sea level massively - and also reducing the amount of sunlight reflected out of the atmosphere and allowing further warming, since dark seawater absorbs more than pure white snow and ice. <br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;">As you might have guessed from the above, these tipping points are hard to account for accurately, because they can occur as events, not as regular measurable rates of release over time. Most of the numbers that have been estimated, including by the source, are under the RCP2.6 emissions timeline (2c of warming by 2100), and the estimates of carbon released by 2100 are close (112) to the number in the right hand column of table 1. But the column on the left is not supported by the source, or any that I can see.</span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;">My thanks to Joeri Rogelj for unpicking some of the confusion over measurements and numbers:<br /></span></div><blockquote class="twitter-tweet"><p dir="ltr" lang="en">Today's news from Australia's <a href="https://twitter.com/Science_Academy?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@Science_Academy</a> latest climate report: "limiting climate change to 1.5°C is now virtually impossible"<br /><br />I'm quite confused by their finding & scientific evidence backing it up is questionable at best.<a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/auspol?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#auspol</a><br /><br />- a thread (1/n)<a href="https://t.co/a5z3AippL9">https://t.co/a5z3AippL9</a></p>— Joeri Rogelj (@JoeriRogelj) <a href="https://twitter.com/JoeriRogelj/status/1377409089408409600?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">March 31, 2021</a></blockquote> <script async="" charset="utf-8" src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js"></script> <div><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;">However, there is a bigger conceptual problem. Regardless of where they got it from, the authors add the 70 to our net zero budget is if, as a species, we will hit net zero - and then sit around twiddling our thumbs, waiting for these feedback loops to occur sometime by 2100, while maintaining perfect net zero emissions year after year. But once we have hit net zero greenhouse gas emissions, then we can go the other way, and have <i>net negative</i> emissions, drawing carbon out of the atmosphere.<br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;">It is entirely possible, *scientifically*, to keep within this budget and to begin drawing down carbon once we have done so so that the feedback events might never occur. The human species could easily start <a href="https://drawdown.org/solutions/tree-plantations-on-degraded-land">reforesting and afforesting</a>, adopting regenerative agriculture - without even getting into speculative carbon scrubbing technology. We just need plants.<br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;">And if we are burning up the budget too fast, then we can STOP DOING THINGS. It is within our power to turn off the lights. Before we start shivering in the dark, there are plenty of greenhouse gas emissions consumed by things that do nothing to better humanity, like <a href="https://www.foe.org.au/military_how_big_are_adf_emissions">war games</a>. Or food being left to rot (and emit methane) because <a href="https://thewest.com.au/politics/crop-losses-mount-due-to-labour-shortages-ng-s-2044584">farm owners won't pay a living wage.</a> We can start </span><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: medium;">turning private transport into public, convert stationary energy grids to zero-carbon sources. </span>The barriers to doing these things aren't scientific or technical - they are political and economic.</span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;">For all of the flaws in the numbers, the AAS report asserting that 1.5c of warming is all but confirmed has cut through the muddle of scientific messaging. Take out that 70gt from potential feedback loops, and the 155gt budget is all but gone within 5-10 years anyway - unless we manage to sharply drop our emissions from 2020 levels, <i>today</i>. That's scientifically possible but not going to happen, politically or economically, unless we change the rules of the game.<br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;">The push back against this report has been, essentially, to find the right scientific messaging to convince the electorate to do something - but no amount of messaging will convince the global capitalist class, who makes most of the decisions about how things are done, that they should stop profiting from their climate-killing investments in fossil fuels, private transport and industrialised agriculture. </span></div><div><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Making our cities more bike-friendly is <a href="https://theconversation.com/cycling-is-ten-times-more-important-than-electric-cars-for-reaching-net-zero-cities-157163">ten times more important</a> than introducing electric cars to reach net zero - but could you imagine the field day the car-obsessed <a href="https://www.themonthly.com.au/issue/2019/may/1556632800/richard-cooke/news-corp-democracy-s-greatest-threat#mtr">Murdoch press</a> would have with western governments redesigning our cities for bikes? The car barons, oil tycoons and coal-loving billionaires will only be stopped by force. </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;">A lot of scientists interviewed don't want to say true statements like "1.5c is almost impossible" because they think it'll sound too radical and gloomy, even when the scientific probability of keeping within 2c of warming is <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s43247-021-00097-8">as low as 5%</a>; but that kind of half-measure rhetoric has been tried and failed. Even the AAS report gives in to this trend, by making ten policy recommendations that stress how profit can be made in the transition, too. We need scientists to tell the truth - that those in control of our economy are sending most of our species over a cliff, because our economy is organised on the basis of profit, not need.<br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;">What is unspoken in the report's claim that it's now "virtually impossible" to keep to 1.5c isn't the scientific or technological capacity of hitting the targets in time - planting and protecting trees is an art as old as human civilisation, and there are all sorts of proven measures to reduce emissions rapidly, from <a href="https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0247820">seaweed in cattle feed</a> to making cities more cycle-friendly - but the impossibility that capitalist decision-making in our economy can be subverted, supplanted or simply gotten rid of within 3-10 years. No capitalist will agree to just stop making a return on investment and let power plants and factories sit idle, even if necessary for the preservation of our safe climate, while we all go out and plant trees. <br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;">But that is what must be done.</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;">If we want to preserve the relatively safe climate which has nurtured all of our recorded history, then we need to fight against capitalist control of our economy. The AAS report reveals the obvious but unspoken truth of climate politics - that so long as capitalists are generating profit from carbon-emitting economic activities, carbon will keep being emitted and our safe climate will keep on being destroyed.</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;">And, by claiming that it is still "possible" to keep to 1.5c of warming and a safe climate, Greta Thunberg and the scientists are, in fact, pushing back against challenging that assumption. They don't want to question rules of the game. But as the AAS and other climate scientists have clearly demonstrated, pledges under the Paris Accords and the status quo of incremental market mechanisms are not going to preserve our safe climate, not even come close. The 1.5c game is being lost, and climate activists need to question why the referees are blowing the whistle on meaningful changes, not just try again for 1.6c on the same rigged field with the same rigged rules.<br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;">It's time to forget about market-based solutions to climate change. It's time to take carbon off the market. </span></div>Patrick Harrisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09624056329807384704noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1668515921552350069.post-74386030906760544172020-12-02T14:57:00.004+11:002020-12-02T17:04:21.386+11:00Port Grocer<p>Please excuse the time since I've last posted on this blog. Around that point, I took the skills I'd learned in ten years of fast fashion sport retail to a new project more in line with the values that I've been writing about here: a not-for-profit social enterprise grocery store in the somewhat downtrodden and de-industrialised suburb of Port Kembla. You can learn more about Port Grocer on <a href="https://www.facebook.com/portgrocer" target="_blank">our Facebook page.</a><br /></p><p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgr4hlj6iAedyDRI1pF2GN6N1WfJ8QulGz7kJjjR9-uwLYntWIVf38mUafJDjfS7jF5cuFtB8CzBqW9GQMO6MmgkhIgrBIH86g0MTPC0YrfNk5uxkC1sBchmO5PTDDuTjYCUKGC1Lu83LI/s2048/20200912-port-grocer-port-kembla-sarah-tedder-photography-3.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1365" data-original-width="2048" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgr4hlj6iAedyDRI1pF2GN6N1WfJ8QulGz7kJjjR9-uwLYntWIVf38mUafJDjfS7jF5cuFtB8CzBqW9GQMO6MmgkhIgrBIH86g0MTPC0YrfNk5uxkC1sBchmO5PTDDuTjYCUKGC1Lu83LI/s320/20200912-port-grocer-port-kembla-sarah-tedder-photography-3.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p></p><p>Port has been going through something of a cultural revival over the last decade, and a business which sets out to do groceries and essential goods differently - keeping our packaging and food waste footprints as small as possible along the way - has been the right idea at the right time in many ways, but it has also been a massive challenge to get it up and running, especially during a pandemic. </p><p>I've always liked sorting out and properly disposing of waste in my old workplaces, to the point where people thought I was wasting my time. Here I'm in charge of doing just that - and developing bin systems in the store, so our team of a handful of paid staff and around 30 volunteers can get food from paddock to plate while keeping our waste footprint as small as possible. It's a small thing and we're still less than 6 months into trade, but I'm pretty proud of what we've done!<br /></p><p>One particular part of the project that I have been organising is our Library of Things. The idea is simple - take common household appliances or power tools that are expensive to own, take up space, collect dust and often end up in landfill without having done much to justify the emissions and labour that went into making them, and instead make a communal library of them. Unlike a hire shop, we are built with communal access, environmental benefits and facilitating people to make do with less in mind from the get go. </p><p>The idea is simple but at the same time it runs at odds to most of our society's impulses, and our initial uptake has been slow. If you're local to the Illawarra and would like to browse our library, <a href="https://libraryofthingsportkembla.myturn.com/library/">check out the catalogue here</a>. Membership is $25 for six months. </endspiel><br /></p><p>Anyway, regularly scheduled content on here will resume soon. What time I have been making for writing, I have been dedicating to more creative historical fiction. I did even attempt to tackle NaNoWriMo, although my head of steam really only lasted for a week or so, until I ran into a conundrum and felt like starting over - but I have still been learning a lot about the issues of food waste and climate change which I'm itching to write about!<br /></p>Patrick Harrisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09624056329807384704noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1668515921552350069.post-58062449385628956552020-07-12T21:13:00.006+10:002020-07-13T07:46:41.881+10:00SuperMarkets - or, you're doing it right<div><font size="3"><span style="font-family: inherit;">"The propaganda is strong," Youtuber friendlyjordies tells us in <a href="https://youtu.be/HTAzb7UbJ6M">a video extolling the power of switching superannuation</a> to fight climate change. "We've all been sold a big lie."</span></font></div><div><font size="3"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></font></div><div><font size="3"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Unfortunately, he is selling a big lie himself - that market mechanisms can do the job of averting climate change. Or, as he put it later in said video: "t</span><span style="font-family: inherit;">he platitude that 'you vote with your wallet' is actually true."</span></font></div><div><font size="3"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></font></div><div><span style="font-family: inherit;"><font size="3">It's not.<br /></font></span></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7EYFmNj0TvWsjAGPQdrkyZSxePjNfw6GCUCw7DGiLAVd8TDfsCCTByFlY3nHRUh8DJ9gzuqXvUzZPSWnRitQ6z4V3h7pRk5DJtifYq1zFZEjLeNTjZIIM9zxoMysnf8zd-Zek7gZeqUk/s997/Screenshot_2020-07-11+you%2527re+doing+it+wrong+%2528climate+protests%2529.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="561" data-original-width="997" height="281" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7EYFmNj0TvWsjAGPQdrkyZSxePjNfw6GCUCw7DGiLAVd8TDfsCCTByFlY3nHRUh8DJ9gzuqXvUzZPSWnRitQ6z4V3h7pRk5DJtifYq1zFZEjLeNTjZIIM9zxoMysnf8zd-Zek7gZeqUk/w500-h281/Screenshot_2020-07-11+you%2527re+doing+it+wrong+%2528climate+protests%2529.png" width="500" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">friendlyjordies in said video, singing the praises of an Adani-loving government<br /></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><font size="3">This post is a follow-up to my <a href="https://terminatorline.blogspot.com/2020/06/can-you-live-15c-lifestyle-pt-4.html">1.5c lifestyle challenge one</a> analysing how much impact switching bank can make - and as I make it clear there, I have personally already switched my super (and bank) to one that invests in renewables (or doesn't invest in coal). I'm not trying to claim that private investment in renewables won't do anything. But, like switching lightbulbs, it's a "solution" that is vastly undermatched to the severity of the crisis we are facing.</font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">Now, in his defense, while he might seem to relish in dunking on climate activists for painting "crap signs" like they are in Year 1 and taking to the streets, friendlyjordies didn't just pull this argument out of nowhere. As I mentioned in the prior post, Australian Ethical markets itself on the promise that their super will help to finance the zero carbon transition. His video is in support of another super fund - <a href="https://www.futuresuper.com.au/">Future Super</a> - and it actually draws on <a href="https://www.uts.edu.au/sites/default/files/article/downloads/Teske_et_al_2018_Supercharging_Australia%E2%80%99s_Clean_Energy_Transition_0.pdf?fbclid=IwAR13TqeP4_Dq_wuzZS1cYEeMsDGvS9mABfTfBouVZFKWRFVwuUkmJLMCaw8">a report comissioned by them</a>, alongside climate campaign group <a href="https://350.org.au/">350.org</a> and the <a href="https://www.uts.edu.au/research-and-teaching/our-research/institute-sustainable-futures">UTS Institute for Sustainable Future (ISF).<br /></a></font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">Sounds great, right? A well-researched plan that doesn't require us to get our lazy arses off the couch? And only 12.4% of Australians have to do it to decarbonise our entire economy - or as few as 7.7% to get us to 100% renewables by 2030? If that's all it'll take, why hasn't it happened already?<br /></font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">Unfortunately, friendlyjordies has fudged the numbers by more than a little. He says less than the 300,000 people who marched in days of action need to switch their super, and they'll make lots of money doing it, when the real number is more like half of all Australians, and returns are definitely not guaranteed. But before we get to that, there are a few big problems with the plan itself.</font></div><font size="3"><br /></font><div><font size="3">The biggest warning sign for me was the price tag. According to the report by these research and campaign heavyweights, the cost of transitioning Australia to a zero-carbon grid within ten years is a whopping $788 billion AUD (in 2018). That's several times the amount the federal government recently splashed out to stop our economy going into freefall because of the present pandemic; but more to the point, it's a lot larger than the price given by <a href="https://bze.org.au/wp-content/uploads/stationary-energy-plan-bze-report-2010.pdf">Beyond Zero Emissions (BZE)</a>. Nearly double as much. Their 2010 plan to decarbonise our grid is fully costed, and their initial capital investment is much lower at $370 billion AUD (in 2018 terms, $434 billion AUD). So why the difference?</font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">The reason is, the frame of reference is completely different. The BZE Stationary Energy Plan is, above all, an engineering one; they look at the technical challenge and devise a way to overcome it. The ISF plan, on the other hand, is written from the point of view of an investment firm; they are more preoccupied with the return on investment (ROI), and how technologically sound the solution is doesn't matter as much as if it will generate a 7% ROI.</font></div><div><br /></div><div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVbon7SUHUC_fOid7_RJErqEHGvb2fIgHbhxLnQP_2BANRhTWDmtF4KtbxwyVUKbtO2bDTg3uNsj81Rwx2WMRazrB4Qkx0I8zy0cTkUkapXLMnJIG42xc-Ve4sGkvPLgLVTQ9ebOymrwE/s993/Screenshot_2020-07-11+Teske_et_al_2018_Supercharging_Australia%25E2%2580%2599s_Clean_Energy_Transition_0+pdf.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="777" data-original-width="993" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVbon7SUHUC_fOid7_RJErqEHGvb2fIgHbhxLnQP_2BANRhTWDmtF4KtbxwyVUKbtO2bDTg3uNsj81Rwx2WMRazrB4Qkx0I8zy0cTkUkapXLMnJIG42xc-Ve4sGkvPLgLVTQ9ebOymrwE/s320/Screenshot_2020-07-11+Teske_et_al_2018_Supercharging_Australia%25E2%2580%2599s_Clean_Energy_Transition_0+pdf.png" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">From the ISF plan<br /></td></tr></tbody></table> </div><div><br /></div><div><font size="3">Although they haven't published the technical details the way BZE have, the overall breakdown of energy type in the ISF plan suggests the oversimplification that has led them to arrive at a figure nearly double that of BZE: more than half of power would come from solar photovoltaics (PV).</font></div><div><br /></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjszMFvD27JLyPLUFp4jucMaiKT6UECXQOX3mDUJOMVqWzKSIpG1YsEFoBStW7NuX-PdWAF_7ry_Ym68XvtlsUXLAEW4sXmt3jVDPvCvYwRdBGcqBszk1BF5zT4SaPSqPdshnRnAbrFBcA/s1069/Screenshot_2020-07-11+Teske_et_al_2018_Supercharging_Australia%25E2%2580%2599s_Clean_Energy_Transition_0+pdf%25281%2529.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="837" data-original-width="1069" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjszMFvD27JLyPLUFp4jucMaiKT6UECXQOX3mDUJOMVqWzKSIpG1YsEFoBStW7NuX-PdWAF_7ry_Ym68XvtlsUXLAEW4sXmt3jVDPvCvYwRdBGcqBszk1BF5zT4SaPSqPdshnRnAbrFBcA/s320/Screenshot_2020-07-11+Teske_et_al_2018_Supercharging_Australia%25E2%2580%2599s_Clean_Energy_Transition_0+pdf%25281%2529.png" width="320" /></a></div> <br /></div><div> <font size="3">Solar PV and wind power have both been very good investments in recent years, with returns of <a href="https://www.afr.com/companies/investment-funds-plugging-into-renewable-energy-assets-for-big-returns-20171013-gz0ivf">around 10% on investment</a>. So if that's the metric you're starting with, they seem like a good bet - just keep building them until we have enough, right?</font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">This is the finance world equivalent of everyone in the country just buying 100% renewable energy. As I've talked about in the <a href="https://terminatorline.blogspot.com/2020/05/can-you-live-15c-life-pt-1.html">first post of the 1.5c lifestyle series</a>, our grid doesn't actually work like that - and in fact, we're very close to reaching the limit at which intermittent distributed PV power and wind will start causing problems, unless there are major reforms by the regulators and governments. We are already <a href="https://reneweconomy.com.au/aemo-lays-out-action-plan-to-manage-75-pct-wind-and-solar-by-2025-2025/">likely to have days of 75% renewable energy</a> by 2025 - and at that point, the regular will have to switch off power plants to maintain stability. Once that happens, the ROI on those assets will plunge.<br /></font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">The major changes that we need are ones that friendlyjordies and the ISF plan don't talk about - they are ones that market investment can't give us - and they are ones that the BZE plan has modelled and costed. They are grid connections from coast to coast, upgraded transmission lines, large-scale storage, and flattening our evening peaks.</font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">While friendlyjordies does also lampoon the backward-thinking, bucket hat-wearing Dad for asking "what about when the sun doesn't shine?" - the truth is, that's a serious technical challenge. Australians use the most electricity on hot evenings in the summer and shoulder seasons, when they get home and switch on the AC - right as the sun is setting. This isn't an insurmountable challenge; the BZE plan fixes it, by investing in solid upgrades to our transmission infrastructure, linking the two main WA grids to the east coast NEM, and making concentrated solar thermal (CST) with inbuilt molten salt storage the backbone of our grid. That way, when the sun has set on Sydney and Melbourne, our AC units can still be chugging away on daylight in Perth.</font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">The cost of linking the grids like this is significant, and returns on investment are not likely to be 7%. The Australian Energy Regulator <a href="https://www.aer.gov.au/news-release/aer-approves-south-australia-%E2%80%93-nsw-interconnector-regulatory-investment-test">recently approved a major interconnector</a> between NSW and SA, which will provide both states with extra stability for distribution in peaks and troughs, as well as reducing the upfront cost of new renewable plants in western NSW. Even this 850km expansion, costing $1.53 billion (in 2020 dollars), is only estimated to return $269 million in likely net benefits - 12.5% overall, but most of these come in indirect consumer savings from dispatchable power and new investment in renewables, not directly from the interconnector's operational income.</font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">The BZE plan puts a price tag of $93 billion AUD on the transmission upgrades required to convert our grid to renewables. This is a cost that will have to be paid, sooner or later - but without a likely ROI from the asset, a responsible super fund manager would never shell out the funds for it. <br /></font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">Then there's the question of energy storage. This is the main answer to Mr. Bucket Hat Dad, and Malcolm Turnbull's Snowy 2.0 is the kind of answer we've been given. There are <a href="https://theconversation.com/nsw-has-approved-snowy-2-0-here-are-six-reasons-why-thats-a-bad-move-139112">major problems with that approach</a> - which is why BZE made concentrated solar thermal, with in-built molten salt storage systems, the backbone of their plan. But the up-front costs are higher than solar PV, and despite it being commercially proven overseas, <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-04-05/solar-thermal-plant-will-not-go-ahead-in-port-augusta/10973948">the market will not invest in CST in Australia</a>. <br /></font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">At this point, I can only repeat that the ISF plan hasn't released detailed schematics of their plans. But it would seem that they have arrived at their huge number of $788 billion by picking the most profitable assets, and then massively duplicating them, until enough is built to run the NEM and WA's disconnected grids separately, and there is enough wind and solar power assets to keep on running the grid even when wind doesn't blow or sun doesn't shine. <br /></font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">The kicker is, as they don't seem to have incorporated any kind of storage, that most of these duplicated assets will be sitting idle most of the time. That isn't the case for renewable energy assets today. Bye bye 7% ROI - idle assets that are not selling electricity to the market don't make money.<br /></font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">This plan doesn't hold any water.<br /></font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">Even without all of those details, how has friendlyjordies fudged the numbers? Well, he himself admits 80% of Future Super's money goes into other things than renewable assets, even for their <a href="https://www.futuresuper.com.au/investment-options">renewable-focused Renewables Plus</a>. The rest sound like good things, don't get me wrong. But in order to reach our 7.7% of super fund assets needed to fund the switch to 100% renewables, then 38.5% of Australians would have to switch to Future Super, or other funds which are putting an equal amount of money into renewables. That's a lot more than the 300,000 who protested over the last summer; it's more than the 4.7 million (33%) who voted Labor in the last election.</font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">So if the 300,000 people protesting in the streets all switched their super (assuming none of them were already ethical investors), we'd get a small portion of the way to 100% renewables. It might tip the stationary energy balance something like 5% towards renewables over the next ten years - not nothing, but a drop in the ocean compared to the task ahead of us.</font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">But surely, friendlyjordies might ask, that 5% is better than achieving nothing, like you and your "crap signs" did in days of climate strikes?</font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">It is true that our government doesn't seem to have budged very far on climate change. But Australians have. In <a href="https://www.tai.org.au/sites/default/files/Polling%20-%20January%202020%20-%20Climate%20change%20concern%20and%20attitude%20%5BWeb%5D.pdf">the six months from July 2019 to January 202</a>0, we went from 37% of Australians being "very concerned" about climate change to 47%, and from 43% thinking we are already suffering the impacts to 57%. The number of us "not very concerned" shrank over the same period from 16% to 11%.<br /></font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">Climate protests in that time cannot take sole credit. The summer of bushfires - and the fact that emergency service bureaucrats came out to say they were the product of climate change - no doubt helped shift the conversation. But so did hundreds of thousands of passionate youth. They may not have much in their super balance (and let's be honest, neither do I) - but they know that we cannot leave it up to the markets to solve climate change.</font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">And as someone who attended the climate protests, there's another flaw in friendlyjordies logic; above all, the protests were an expression of anger by a generation of youth, whose future is being trashed - and who don't have much in the way of superannuation balances to switch. In 2017-18, <a href="https://qsuper.qld.gov.au/news-hub/articles/2019/08/07/06/10/what-is-an-average-super-balance">even 25-34 year olds only had an average balance of $33,200 for women and $41,700 for men.</a> Under 25s (the majority of the 300,000) don't even rate a mention. Those aged 45 and up have the decisive amount of the super pool, to invest as they see fit. Definitely not the majority of the protestors.<br /></font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">Voting with your wallet? It means that those with more money get more votes, even though they won't be the ones still around to live with the consequences.<br /></font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">My super is due to mature in 2055. If we haven't ditched our neoliberal obsession with market mechanisms and bloody well built the kind of smart grid that can support 100% renewables within a few years, then the worst-case scenario is <a href="https://www.vice.com/en_au/article/597kpd/new-report-suggests-high-likelihood-of-human-civilization-coming-to-an-end-in-2050">collapse of civilization five years before I'm due to claim my lump sum</a>. So I'm not particularly concerned about 7% returns, and I don't want us to fart around with the most profitable solutions when we have the technical know-how to do the job. <br /></font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">Protestors 10 or 15 years my junior, no doubt, care about it even less. They aren't voting with their wallets - they are voting with their feet. And they are doing it right.<br /></font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">We must take action now, regardless of the ROI.<br /></font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15px; left: 109.835px; top: 1210.09px; transform: scaleX(1.04775);"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15px; left: 170.079px; top: 996.422px; transform: scaleX(1.04674);"><br /></span></span></div>Patrick Harrisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09624056329807384704noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1668515921552350069.post-81324011936453083562020-07-03T11:31:00.014+10:002020-07-07T08:28:36.798+10:00Here comes Hydrogen?<div><font size="3">I restarted this blog to start writing some articles about climate change, but also to challenge myself to brush up on things I haven't read about for a while, and to learn things I didn't already know. The past few weeks have been a big exercise in learning things I didn't already know, with the big announcement on June 12 that a new company, <a href="https://www.h2x.earth/">H2X</a>, <a href="https://reneweconomy.com.au/h2x-hopes-to-jump-start-australian-car-industry-with-launch-of-hydrogen-suv-95181/">wants to start manufacturing hydrogen-fuelled cars</a>... right down the road in Port Kembla! So, while I've been twiddling my thumbs waiting for a sprained knee to heal, I've been looking into what exactly hydrogen means for the climate.<br /></font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">So... what does hydrogen fuel mean for the climate? <br /></font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">To answer that question, I've had to learn the answers to a few more. How does hydrogen fuel even work? How is it made? <br /></font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">The simple answer is, the same way as most other fuels - but unlike other fuel sources, when pure hydrogen is burnt, <a href="https://www.renewableenergyworld.com/types-of-renewable-energy/hydrogen/#gref">it releases only water vapour</a>. Also unlike other fuel sources, pure hydrogen doesn't occur naturally - though it can be found in most fossil fuels, as well as in water. These are the three sources from which pure hydrogen can be derived for industrial use: <br /></font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><ul><li><font size="3">from a hydrocarbon like natural gas through <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steam_reforming">steam reforming</a> </font></li><li><font size="3">from coal through <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal_gasification">gasification</a></font></li><li><font size="3">or through separating water into pure H & O using <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrolysis_of_water">electrolysis</a></font></li></ul></div><div><div><br /></div><div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYPlPWak91rC9L611UPWo56YWTNXxZubKpnMgi-XJNWvqf-Ce3cudonoThVDP_sEXNIqr0cZT5PMu2gr5V1yNkrIRkpmhlSXb5PLjhImqJ6_EmeG-dfs9CT_3Y0PaAP3wVw1PanTOQI5s/s1075/Screenshot_2020-07-03+Australia%2527s+National+Hydrogen+Strategy+-+australias-national-hydrogen-strategy+pdf.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="834" data-original-width="1075" height="388" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYPlPWak91rC9L611UPWo56YWTNXxZubKpnMgi-XJNWvqf-Ce3cudonoThVDP_sEXNIqr0cZT5PMu2gr5V1yNkrIRkpmhlSXb5PLjhImqJ6_EmeG-dfs9CT_3Y0PaAP3wVw1PanTOQI5s/w500-h388/Screenshot_2020-07-03+Australia%2527s+National+Hydrogen+Strategy+-+australias-national-hydrogen-strategy+pdf.png" width="500" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">From <a href="https://www.industry.gov.au/sites/default/files/2019-11/australias-national-hydrogen-strategy.pdf">Australia's National Hydrogen Strategy</a><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /></div><div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">The former two
sources are emissions-intensive, while the latter only produces the
emissions that go into making electricity. Within Australia, these are overall quite substantial, making grid-fuelled electrolysis more emissions-intensive than any other source. However, with 100% renewable energy there are zero emissions generated (other than those that go into manufacturing the systems themselves).<br /></font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3"></font></div><div><font size="3"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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</a>
</div></font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">Thus the various "colours" of hydrogen as outlined in Figure 1.1 - labels that
describe how it was produced, and that suggest what hydrogen can mean
for the planet. "Brown" hydrogen is derived from coal, "blue" from natural
gas, "grey" from fossil-fuelled sources. The last sort, the one which excites environmentalists, is "green" hydrogen from renewable
electricity-powered electrolysis.</font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><font size="3">Unfortunately, green hydrogen presently only accounts for 0.3% of hydrogen actually being produced. Around the world, steam reforming (blue hydrogen) makes up the largest portion of all industrial hydrogen production.<br /></font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div></div><div><font size="3">It turns out, quite a lot of capitalists in Australia are ready to start making green hydrogen. I first heard of the concept from Beyond Zero Emission's plan to make the Northern Territory a <a href="https://bze.org.au/wp-content/uploads/10_GW_Vision_Final-Beyond-Zero-Emissions-NT-2019-compressed.pdf">clean energy export superpower</a> - a project which excited Atlassian's <a href="https://www.afr.com/policy/energy-and-climate/cannon-brookes-plan-to-export-aussie-solar-power-to-singapore-20190924-p52u9o">Mike Cannon-Brookes</a>. At the time, the thinking was that nations in South-East Asia without our capacity to produce renewable electricity (like Japan and Singapore) would be the destination for green hydrogen from the NT. But, if H2X leads to a boom in domestic consumption, it might be right here in Oz.<br /></font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">After the H2X announcement I started looking into it some more, and it turns out there is a whole wealth of proposed green hydrogen facilities across Australia, including a number in <a href="https://www.pv-magazine-australia.com/2020/04/29/australias-biggest-green-hydrogen-plant-secures-initial-investment/">Western Australia</a>, the other main state not connected to the NEM and thus not able to share renewable electricity to the east coast in the traditional way. Thanks to <a href="https://arena.gov.au/renewable-energy/hydrogen/">seed funding from ARENA</a>, up to $3 billion AUD of proposals are on the table.<br /></font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">That hasn't stopped our coal-loving Prime Minister from attempting to throw a lifeline to fossil fuel capitalists, by <a href="https://www.pv-magazine-australia.com/2020/05/15/morrison-government-paves-the-way-for-brown-hydrogen-industry/">passing legislation to support brown hydrogen production from coal</a>. The promise of carbon capture and storage being integrated into the production is a fig leaf, covering up the fact that there is no need to produce hydrogen in this way when we can do it in others. This is another front in the war on climate action - but it does also show that the coal barons know the writing is on the wall for coal-fired power, and they are looking for a new market to keep their mines from becoming stranded assets.<br /></font></div><font size="3"><br /></font><div><font size="3">So, I've gotten a clearer picture on the climate impact of hydrogen... so if the hydrogen is "green", then switching cars from petrol or diesel to hydrogen should be great for the climate... right?<br /></font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">The big announcement for H2X was the "consumer halo", an SUV dubbed the Snowy. With a hydrogen-electric hybrid motor, it will have a range of 650km, and refuel in 3 minutes. </font><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_LV6E3XAr0A5bvrkRY97yKMzFuV6-NtGIL5IHkyDE619XKhnbfWcjT_etolft3anjeeoPfFdQYbeF2VGkVHWA2SAbd8vnBWlTlX7hWBaVBjkWtp-J1KLUA7SklyLybRcjM9xBXd-GJdw/s1092/Screenshot_2020-07-03+H2X+The+bold+plan+to+build+hydrogen+vehicles+in+Australia+CarAdvice.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="615" data-original-width="1092" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_LV6E3XAr0A5bvrkRY97yKMzFuV6-NtGIL5IHkyDE619XKhnbfWcjT_etolft3anjeeoPfFdQYbeF2VGkVHWA2SAbd8vnBWlTlX7hWBaVBjkWtp-J1KLUA7SklyLybRcjM9xBXd-GJdw/w400-h225/Screenshot_2020-07-03+H2X+The+bold+plan+to+build+hydrogen+vehicles+in+Australia+CarAdvice.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Concept art for the Snowy<br /></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div><br /></div><div><font size="3">That one has got all of the auto journalists excited and writing headlines <a href=" https://www.carsguide.com.au/car-news/official-pictures-australian-made-motoring-is-back-why-the-h2x-snowy-is-a-modern-ford">dubbing it the "modern Ford"</a> - but <a href="https://www.autoblog.com/2020/06/16/h2x-hydrogen-cars-australia/#slide-2241990">"the catch is that the hydrogen refueling infrastructure is no better in Australia than in the United States."</a> Both the ACT and Queensland governments have <a href="https://www.caradvice.com.au/805257/hyundai-nexo-certified-australia/">announced they are installing fuel-cell hybrid infrastructure</a> for their vehicle fleets, with hydrogen-powered Hyundai Nexos already on order. But for ordinary motorists, there is no practical means to refuel, and for this reason, <a href="https://www.motoring.com.au/hydrogen-cars-still-off-limits-to-public-says-hyundai-124934/">Hyundai is only selling Nexos to government fleets</a> for the time being. It looks like residents of the ACT will get the first chance for private ownership, with public access to the new refuelling infrastructure scheduled in a few month's time. <br /></font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">And that brings me to the elephant in the room - the fact that fully electric cars like the Nissan Leaf, BMW i3 or Tesla are already on the market and have started to reach the point where the charging infrastructure can support most people's needs. Like hydrogen, electricity is as dirty or as green as how it is made, but it requires no major supply lines or new fuel refineries to be set up - they already exist in the form of our grid. So will the Snowy reduce our number of petrol-chugging SUVs, or will it short-circuit the switch to electric vehicles?</font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">There has been some commercial uptake of LPG over the last thirty years, which hydrogen could easily replace, particularly when it comes to buses. But electric vehicles seems to have beaten hydrogen off the mark here as well; Volgren in Victoria has already begun producing electric buses <a href="https://www.energymagazine.com.au/victorias-first-electric-bus-hits-the-road/">that are hitting the roads</a>, while NSW plans to <a href="https://thedriven.io/2019/10/28/nsw-transport-minister-wants-all-of-sydneys-8000-buses-to-go-all-electric/">convert its entire bus fleet to electric.</a><br /></font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">H2X is no doubt aware of these limits, which is why the consumer halo of the private market isn't all they are looking at. ""Hydrogen fuel cell systems are greatly aligned to the power outputs
required for tasks found in industry, mining and marine," Brendan
Norman, the CEO and founder of H2X Australia, <a href="https://www.caradvice.com.au/857264/h2x-the-bold-plan-to-build-hydrogen-vehicles-in-australia/">told <i>CarAdvice</i>.</a>" </font><br /></div><div><br /></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPkNAG6ZfQftm4bZ8KCnKj66yWka4DBPOSJ88f3Fss6OJ1cNnfF6SWVddZmaNqi4-W0UjLDteI1qP7tRvqKkcJ6kTwohHVfb3DCgblgTSAcJZQgsMgZYzlj5gFbJU_l2Qzorer7ywoo8g/s1175/Screenshot_2020-07-03+Hydrogen-powered+cars+to+be+manufactured+in+NSW.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="783" data-original-width="1175" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPkNAG6ZfQftm4bZ8KCnKj66yWka4DBPOSJ88f3Fss6OJ1cNnfF6SWVddZmaNqi4-W0UjLDteI1qP7tRvqKkcJ6kTwohHVfb3DCgblgTSAcJZQgsMgZYzlj5gFbJU_l2Qzorer7ywoo8g/w400-h266/Screenshot_2020-07-03+Hydrogen-powered+cars+to+be+manufactured+in+NSW.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Concept art for a hydrogen tractor, <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-06-15/hydrogen-car-manufacturer-in-illawarra/12355138">as seen on ABC<br /></a></td></tr></tbody></table><div><a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-06-15/hydrogen-car-manufacturer-in-illawarra/12355138"><br /></a></div><div><font size="3">That's where this announcement is, for me, the most exciting. As of yet, electric vehicles for heavy applications haven't made a big dent in Australia. The headlines have hailed the "consumer halo", but the "industrial floodlight" (if you will) of concepts for tractors, vans and trucks that H2X has released are applications where hydrogen might have the edge over straight electric vehicles anyway; a big hydrogen tank that gets emptier gets lighter, whereas a big empty battery weighs just the same, and requires the same amount of energy to haul around. And it takes a lot of time to recharge, while hydrogen refuels in much the same way (and with much the same speed) as conventional petrol or diesel.<br /></font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">H2X plan to start manufacturing up to 20,000 vehicles within 5 years. That sounds impossibly ambitious - until you hear the qualification that the vehicles will only be "80%" made in Port Kembla, built around imported drivechains. Shipping major components from Europe or the Americas does increase the carbon footprint of manufacturing these vehicles, but if it means they are able to start getting made and reducing emissions from our transport sector (#2 only to energy generation itself) soon enough to make a difference for staying within our 1.5c timeline, it may be an acceptable cost.</font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">So is this the kind of change we need to see? <br /></font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">The South Coast Labour Council teamed up with Labor and Greens politicians to <a href="https://www.advertiserlaketimes.com.au/story/6541631/new-group-has-plans-to-recharge-the-illawarras-manufacturing-sector/">relaunch a Green Jobs plan</a> for the Illawarra in 2019. They are calling for the shrunken industrial district of Port Kembla to be revitalised as a hub of investment in green manufacturing. The 5000 jobs that H2X says it will create are, no doubt, a welcome answer.<br /></font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">The focus of the plan has, naturally, been the single biggest contributor to Australia's greenhouse emissions - energy generation. Right now, despite the growth in renewables in the last two decades, there are only one factory in Australia each manufacturing <a href="https://reneweconomy.com.au/vestas-lands-big-wind-turbine-contract-in-australia-most-likely-port-augusta-52148/">wind turbines</a> and <a href="https://www.aumanufacturing.com.au/australias-only-solar-panel-factory-to-expand">solar panels</a>. Port Kembla, as a location with steel supply lines and infrastructure already in place, would be an ideal location to build a 100% renewable grid, and avoid the emissions of transport.<br /></font></div><div><font size="3"><br /></font></div><div><font size="3">H2X plans to make hydrogen cars, and is looking to make a business case for it without government support. But we cannot leave the survival of the climate we depend on to decisions based on what is or isn't profitable. In this era of pandemic and recession, we can and should be demanding nationalised industries which create profit for the public, not a few capitalists. <br /></font></div>Patrick Harrisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09624056329807384704noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1668515921552350069.post-3709754370823090722020-06-12T16:00:00.002+10:002020-06-16T08:33:09.210+10:00Can you live a 1.5c lifestyle? Pt 4<div><font size="2"><span style="font-size: large;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Part one of this series of posts on the 1.5c life challenge is <a href="http://terminatorline.blogspot.com/2020/05/can-you-live-15c-life-pt-1.html" target="_blank">here</a>. Part two is <a href="https://terminatorline.blogspot.com/2020/05/can-you-live-15c-life-pt-2.html">here</a>.</span></i></span> <i>Part three is <a href="https://terminatorline.blogspot.com/2020/05/can-you-live-15c-life-pt-3.html">here</a>. This information is of a general nature and is not intended to provide
you with financial advice or take into account your personal objectives,
financial situation or needs.<br></i></font></div><div><br></div><div><font size="4">Alright, so I've finally gotten onto the second email of the 1.5 degree lifestyle challenge. Thankfully, the next email only has one action to tackle, not a whole list; unfortunately, it's one that has taken a bit of work, and has taken me some time to get to. <a href="http://view.australianethicalsuper.com.au/?qs=9b597710523fb0d4386436fc8816676b4aafc665244f1f11704971fdd1c483ecc69c440ec7f757c85589a378c9823e8c71db5973ae2feedc4e312d86f6cbfbdc94ba6291c8eb3c11">Have a think about who you bank with.</a></font></div><div><font size="4"><br></font></div><div><font size="4">Now, the fact that I'm with Australian Ethical super would suggest that I've already had a think about this one - but the truth is, I found it much harder to tackle switching bank than my super. Superannuation is a background process, and there's pretty simple rollover tools to get old funds switched into new ones. But I've been with Commonwealth Bank since I was in primary school in 1993, so I've put changing everything that goes into and out of my account into the too-hard basket - until now.</font></div><div><font size="4"><br></font></div><div><font size="4">There is a campaign website to help you make a more sustainable choice of bank, at least in Australia - <a href="https://www.marketforces.org.au/">Market Forces</a>. They detail all the known lending banks have done to the fossil fuel industries, and have position statements from many banks. Commonwealth is the best of our big four banks, but that's not a very high bar; <a href="https://www.marketforces.org.au/campaigns/banks-new/cba/">they have loaned at least $7.2 billion AUD to fossil fuel projects since 2015</a>, four times as much as they have loaned to renewables. None rank among the <a href="http://coalbanks.org/#score">big twenty global lenders to fossil fuels,</a> but they are fuelling a wave of new projects in this country.</font></div><div><font size="4"><br></font></div><div><font size="4">The science is clear - a 2019 study showed that even letting existing fossil fuel infrastructure continue to function for its expected lifetime <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-07999-w">will only give us a 64% chance</a> of keeping to a 1.5c timeline. If new infrastructure being built today is used for its full lifespan, it will almost certainly guarantee we cannot keep within 1.5c of global warming and the slim chance we have left of avoiding runaway climate change.</font></div><div><br></div><div><font size="4">Although Commbank has started to get out of loans to the coal industry - with a plan to exit fully by 2030 - it has been funding expansion of gas infrastructure, including <a href="https://www.marketforces.org.au/banksfuelfires/">new LNG vessels and a pipeline in the USA</a>. So, if I'm going to live a 1.5c lifestyle, I guess I'd better find a bank which isn't funding projects that will destroy a habitable climate.</font></div><div><font size="4"><br></font></div><div><font size="4">The Australian Ethical campaign email suggested <a href="https://www.bankaust.com.au/">Bank Australia</a>. They certainly pass muster, with no money invested in fossil fuels, and a <a href="https://www.marketforces.org.au/info/compare-bank-table/">statement on the Market Forces website</a> that they have been carbon neutral since 2011. However, looking over the numbers, their accounts charge fees and their interest rates on savings account aren't as high as others right now. So I've decided to switch to another bank that doesn't finance fossil fuels - the <a href="https://www.cua.com.au/">Credit Union of Australia</a>. Last week, I finally got the ball rolling, and although it will take some time and follow-up to get it all moved over, I've made sure to let Commbank know why I'm switching. As of yet, I've had no response from them.</font></div><div><br></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheZLyu9aubikzttKMII05q65SoZ4jXpH2kd_LrfjMLhzGgFED6FI8kexvq2H6vQST55H7z3PyERsB4H2kbIVI1cPO3-yBxaBJ6bzRZcVICij1cBz3zORBG74ceW7d0-ZlW7CF8rUlu8Qw/s4505/1.5-degree-challenge-I-made-my-money-matter.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4505" data-original-width="4505" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheZLyu9aubikzttKMII05q65SoZ4jXpH2kd_LrfjMLhzGgFED6FI8kexvq2H6vQST55H7z3PyERsB4H2kbIVI1cPO3-yBxaBJ6bzRZcVICij1cBz3zORBG74ceW7d0-ZlW7CF8rUlu8Qw/s320/1.5-degree-challenge-I-made-my-money-matter.png"></a></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><font size="4">If every Australian switched bank (and make clear they were doing it for the climate), how big of an impact would it make? Would it keep us within a 1.5c carbon budget? The answer is somewhat mixed, but when it comes to coal mining, it could have a fairly substantial impact.<br></font></div><div><font size="4"><br></font></div><div><font size="4">Globally, while state subsidies and international financial institutions do play their part, the biggest financiers of coal mining are private lenders. <a href="https://endcoal.org/finance-economics/">Around 70% of global coal mining operations are actually running at a loss</a>, so without loans and government support, they wouldn't be able to keep operating. When it comes to Australia, many of our mines are run as local subsidiaries of global conglomerates, so some of that "loss" is simply profits being offshored to India, the USA or China, to avoid being taxed locally; without loans from local banks, that couldn't be maintained, and projects here might have to stop operating or start paying their fair share. <br></font></div><div><font size="4"><br></font></div><div><font size="4">The campaigns for divestment from fossil fuels have had a big enough impact that thermal coal companies (those mining coal to burn for power generation, as opposed to steel making) have begun <a href="https://www.marketforces.org.au/super-funds-failing-to-engage-with-new-hope-on-climate-risk/">signing non-disclosure agreements with their lenders</a>.<br></font></div><div><font size="4"><br></font></div><div><font size="4">The global campaigns for fossil fuel divestment can have a big impact on coal mining in Australia, but what about globally? Is it producing enough change to keep us within a 1.5c timeline? In the <a href="https://www.smh.com.au/business/banking-and-finance/how-the-global-fossil-fuel-divestment-push-is-testing-australia-s-resolve-20200305-p5475t.html">words</a> of Emma Herd, </font><font size="4">chief executive of the investor group on climate change at Climate Action 100+, </font><font size="4">"is it happening fast enough? I think the science says no."</font></div><div><font size="4"><br></font></div><div><font size="4">When we look at the global picture switching banks or super starts to lose effectiveness. The top lender to coal mines in Australia from 2008 to 2016 wasn't an Australian bank, but <a href="https://www.marketforces.org.au/info/trackingthemoney/coalmines/">the Bank of China</a>, one of those big twenty global lenders. Australians switching our banks won't even dry up all the funds fuelling coal mining in this country. And nor will they touch some of the biggest coal mines globally, such as those operated by <a href="https://www.mining-technology.com/features/feature-the-10-biggest-coal-mines-in-the-world/">the Shenhua group</a>, a state-owned enterprise with other avenues of capital than private banking.</font></div><div><font size="4"><br></font></div><div><font size="4">When it comes to other fossil fuels than coal, switching banks is going to do even less to result in meaningful change - and in fact, the argument can be made that <a href="https://theconversation.com/fossil-fuel-divestment-will-increase-carbon-emissions-not-lower-them-heres-why-126392">it will make things worse</a>. That's because the majority of oil and natural gas producers are state-owned companies, which generally don't have to report their operations to shareholders, and <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/oct/09/secretive-national-oil-companies-climate">often operate without environmental targets open to external scrutiny</a>. Switching banks won't significantly lower the emissions from Australia's transport sector - which have <a href="https://www.climatecouncil.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/FactSheet-Transport.pdf">increased by 60% since 1990</a>.</font></div><div><font size="4"><br></font></div><div><font size="4">Even the large companies listed on the stock market are, to some extent, willing to defy the economics. They must keep finding and opening up new reserves to exploit in order to keep their "reserve-replacement" ratio - the amount of resources they could extract in the future compared to the amount they are currently selling. <a href="https://www.worldoil.com/news/2020/2/21/chevron-reports-lowest-reserve-replacement-ratio-since-2010">Without this guarantee of future dividends</a>, stockmarket investors (like the large global pension funds and banks) wouldn't keep investing in a company.</font></div><div><font size="4"><br></font></div><div><font size="4">So, is this action really consistent with a 1.5c lifestyle? At least for those of us living in Australia, switching bank and superannuation (and letting your polluting old funds know why you are doing it) is a useful tactic. But on its own, it's not enough to see to it that fossil fuel projects no longer gain funding; joining in with campaigns to ensure no new fossil fuel reserves are exploited and we convert to a decarbonised grid and industrial base are just as, if not more, important.</font></div><div><font size="4"><br></font></div><div><font size="4">Next time I'll tackle another thorny issue that has been vexing me - meat.<br></font></div>Patrick Harrisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09624056329807384704noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1668515921552350069.post-45308487631712526762020-05-30T15:38:00.003+10:002020-06-04T15:27:36.665+10:00Can you live a 1.5c life? Pt 3<div><font size="2"><span style="font-size: large;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Part one of this series of posts on the 1.5c life challenge is <a href="http://terminatorline.blogspot.com/2020/05/can-you-live-15c-life-pt-1.html" target="_blank">here</a>. Part two is <a href="https://terminatorline.blogspot.com/2020/05/can-you-live-15c-life-pt-2.html">here</a>.<br /></span></i></span></font></div><div><font size="2"><span style="font-size: large;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></i></span></font></div><div><font size="4">Let's wrap up the first email of Australian Ethical's 1.5c lifestyle challenge (it's now over three weeks into the challenge after all!) so I can move onto the more meaty topics of future emails...<br /></font></div><div><font size="4"><br /></font></div><div><font size="4">I'm not going to spend so long breaking down the numbers on the final actions from the first challenge email, mostly because it's hard for me to figure out my own exact numbers or translate them to the whole country. I'm just going to examine how much potential they broadly have, as individual actions or as collective solutions, and the personal ways I'm trying to up my game. <br /></font></div><div><font size="4"><br /></font></div><div><font size="4"><a href="http://view.australianethicalsuper.com.au/?qs=1d8647d71793456e3ae957cc70ea695a253033e9d801b5a29c241ba8cd31f9dfcb1b1355e1e711751a71f8ec659a39dfbaf7785df8df2f620a1e050f9109c6d23d14b02b7b911112">Part three of the challenge</a> is: keep your home well insulated. The individual actions in the challenge are:</font></div><blockquote><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: "calibri", "helvetica neue", "helvetica", "arial", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 15pt;">
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draught-proof your home with door snakes and curtains</td></tr></tbody></table><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: "calibri", "helvetica neue", "helvetica", "arial", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 15pt;">
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invest in carpets and rugs – this helps stop heat escaping through the floor</td></tr></tbody></table>
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•</td><td align="left" style="color: #2d2d2d; font-family: "calibri", "helvetica neue", "helvetica", "arial", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 22px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;">close off unused rooms in winter and help to reduce heat loss.</td></tr></tbody></table><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: "calibri", "helvetica neue", "helvetica", "arial", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 15pt;"><tbody><tr><td align="left" style="color: #1f8749; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" valign="top" width="20">•</td><td align="left" style="color: #2d2d2d; font-family: "calibri", "helvetica neue", "helvetica", "arial", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 22px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;">
close curtains and blinds to keep the heat in or block the sun out</td></tr></tbody></table></div></blockquote><div><font size="4">The connection of heating, cooling and insulation to climate change is well understood in Australia, especially since the Rudd government's <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_Efficient_Homes_Package">"pink batts scheme"</a> which resulted in the deaths of four workers and became a political wedge for the climate-denying opposition.</font></div><div><font size="4"><br /></font></div><div><font size="4">We already did almost all the things on this list - as residents of a north/west facing rental apartment, we have no choice but to control our temperature passively. We have used a small portable A/C unit in the past, but this apartment has no compatible windows, so in the summer, all we can do is try and shade ourselves and catch a coastal cross-breeze when we can. And in the winter, our glass sliding doors catch the afternoon sun, keeping us cozy so long as there's even a hint of daylight. Our electicity use barely spiked during a cold wet spell last year. The only thing on the list we haven't been doing is using a door-snake to prevent a draught; I've improvised one out of a felt blanket for our front door, and although May has been unseasonably cold for coastal NSW, we haven't had to fire the heater up yet.</font><br /></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-BaxABe-FG3qTd0l5utDp_8c0j8jNBtcUqiOlW1OK1s2RRhel0GCn1P8sP5drrRaUP-BZpB6VACcNF0RljGQRFKq5VAFHSWlZpQ8zCc_FJ-T0YXmGPngTHf1Lg47nMrk4uqH0g530Y3I/s4505/f574d410-0610-4bbe-bda3-7f42b609140d.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4505" data-original-width="4505" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-BaxABe-FG3qTd0l5utDp_8c0j8jNBtcUqiOlW1OK1s2RRhel0GCn1P8sP5drrRaUP-BZpB6VACcNF0RljGQRFKq5VAFHSWlZpQ8zCc_FJ-T0YXmGPngTHf1Lg47nMrk4uqH0g530Y3I/s320/f574d410-0610-4bbe-bda3-7f42b609140d.png" /></a></div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/proxy/AVvXsEinx_LWqAvKCJ5G14hU9gcjAK5xa_m_sEqsMtugq0fCs4AFf0wlirSeFczuGrq_v6t3GZf1tmXXKFN4ATRzijP65LQyUF-8o6y6TOe5ClDxaE1spxb8DBFbE_Shpii1bFkICVWf94I1gBSS3eVbi1uppyUyBMtEh6CcI-jya4Rh9G2RZTILCG8VBYNfq_LkdpIm9AqZEkzW0Ynt5qp4C60AlE3lPor0yHkRfWF141Lx4047FLo-5PkbjwOzw5CpEyAF7xMPZHRfH11jWA1spFQcnYnh03pzlLax3IpgfvN90fJbLVAHiNOzOu5Zb4b4txPipBOPMfP4ZVukE05s9uX4bW-nnTjCfyXnp9hyqZJMdbu3fecHAOxMMcLkPgfBNowqyIY_z9AW73fom-0a9M36eI2zxkaWSX1bI5oXrIEf=s2048" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a></div><div><br /></div><div><font size="4">I guess I am living a 1.5c lifestyle on this front, then. But I am not going to even calculate how much difference it would make if every Australian lived like I did, because the concept is fundamentally flawed. Our ability to live with a low heating & cooling footprint is intimately connected with the design of our buildings and the appliances installed during construction.</font></div><div><font size="4"><br /></font></div><div><font size="4">The <a href="https://bze.org.au/research/renewable-energy-plan/">Beyond Zero Emissions</a> <a href="https://bze.org.au/wp-content/uploads/stationary-energy-plan-bze-report-2010.pdf">Stationary Energy Plan</a> discusses what an important role buildings, temperature control and insulation have to play in getting Australia to a zero carbon energy grid. For most of our country, the biggest challenge to getting renewables in the grid is the evening peak, as I discussed a little in <a href="https://terminatorline.blogspot.com/2020/05/can-you-live-15c-life-pt-1.html">part 1 of this challenge</a>. Right as the sun is losing intensity or setting, we get home from work, and switch on the air conditioning and cook our largest meal of the day. We have ended up this way, in the plan's words, because "the cost of electricity in Australia has historically been low compared to other developed nations, allowing lowest initial-cost building practices and inefficient design to persist as the norm." So long as electricity is cheap, it's cheaper, simpler and easier to switch on the A/C and pay the annual cost than it is to build our houses well in the first place.<br /></font></div><div><font size="4"><br /></font></div><div><font size="4">Taking passive, low-energy measures like those of the 1.5c challenge can help us to flatten that peak, but they can only do so much when most of our homes are built like <a href="https://www.smh.com.au/opinion/australian-houses-are-just-glorified-tents-in-winter-20150608-ghj2ox.html">"glorified tents"</a>. Not every Australian can live within 1km of the ocean like we do, and catch a cooling afternoon breeze. The BZE plan, on the other hand, identifies policy-level actions which could reduce electricity consumption from buildings by 36%: a program for double-glazing and insulation installation (like the infamous pink batts debacle), and totally phasing out gas as a source of heat and cooking in favour of efficient electrical appliances like <a href="https://www.redenergy.com.au/living-energy/appliances/are-induction-cooktops-energy-efficient">induction cooktops</a> and <a href="https://www.eec.org.au/for-energy-users/technologies-2/heat-pumps">heat pumps</a>. </font><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><font size="4">These higher-impact actions are difficult to take as an individual working within a market-based system. The cost of replacing an old cooktop and water heater with newer, more efficient models is prohibitively high; the only people I know who have done it are those who have made the decision (and had the means) to renovate their kitchens. Better insulating your house has a lower initial cost and will pay for itself in reduced energy consumption - but so long as natural gas or an inefficient electrical appliance is the source of your heat or cooling, greenhouse gas emissions will still result.</font></div><div><font size="4"><br /></font></div><div><font size="4">If you are a renter like us and approximately 30% of Australians, you might be able to negotiate with your landlord to split
the cost of these upgrades - but if you don't own the asset and can't be sure you'll live there long enough to recoup even part of the cost on lower bills, why would you bother to invest in upgrading it? As much of a disaster as it was, we need a new pink batts scheme, or other society-wide measures to retrofit insulation and efficiency measures.<br /></font></div><div><font size="4"><br /></font></div><div><font size="4">So long as our housing stock remains inefficient, individual actions cannot reduce emissions within the level of a 1.5c trajectory. Most of the houses currently in supply or being built will still be around by 2050, by which time we should clearly have reached net zero. Even today, <a href="https://theconversation.com/australias-still-building-4-in-every-5-new-houses-to-no-more-than-the-minimum-energy-standard-118820">80% of houses are currently being built to the minimum standard of efficiency</a>, which isn't even cost-effective over the life of the building. Australia will require collective actions on the level of policy - especially improving minimum building standards and. phasing out gas as a source of energy - to improve our efficiency and bring ourselves to net zero.</font></div><div><br /></div><div><font size="4">As far as heat generation is concerned, there is a
significant untapped resource in Australian cities near industrial hubs,
too: cogeneration. While in Australia, most studies have <a href="https://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/resources/business/140685-cogeneration-feasibility-guide.pdf">examined the use of gas or biogas inputs</a> for cogeneration, there are examples overseas of capturing waste energy from other means - for example, <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544217304140">Sweden harnesses the landfill gas</a> I discussed in the <a href="https://terminatorline.blogspot.com/2020/05/can-you-live-15c-life-pt-2.html">last post</a> to burn for both heat and electricity, while Copenhagen is almost fully heated by <a href="https://www.c40.org/case_studies/98-of-copenhagen-city-heating-supplied-by-waste-heat">a centralised system</a> that captures the waste heat from the city's electrical plants and circulates it as hot water. These systems require municipal or governmental action, even if they are broadly popular.<br /></font></div><div><font size="4"><br /></font></div><div><font size="4">For the sake of brevity, I'm going to leave that point there, and quickly address the final target of the first week's challenge: reducing your consumption. The personal actions are:</font></div><blockquote><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: "calibri", "helvetica neue", "helvetica", "arial", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 15pt;">
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swap or borrow clothes if you need something new</td></tr></tbody></table>
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•</td><td align="left" style="color: #2d2d2d; font-family: "calibri", "helvetica neue", "helvetica", "arial", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 22px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;">if you see something you want, wait three weeks before buying it –<br />
if you’re still thinking about it, then buy it.</td></tr></tbody></table><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family: "calibri", "helvetica neue", "helvetica", "arial", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 15pt;"><tbody><tr><td align="left" style="color: #1f8749; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" valign="top" width="20">•</td><td align="left" style="color: #2d2d2d; font-family: "calibri", "helvetica neue", "helvetica", "arial", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.2px; line-height: 22px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;">
try not to buy anything new for a month</td></tr></tbody></table></div></blockquote><div><font size="4">I work in sports fashion retail, so I know how much of a problem fast fashion is. The bread and butter of our business is people who shop for new outfits for exercise and daily wear multiple times a year. All the extra production this leads to means each item has a higher carbon footprint. Since the year 2000, <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41558-017-0058-9">fashion consumption has gone up by 60%</a>, and it now accounts for 5% of global emissions - more than shipping or aviation.</font></div><div><font size="4"><br /></font></div><div><font size="4">I'm not going to try and figure out how much I could save or how much difference it would make if every Australian took the challenge on this one, mostly for brevity. It is more of a marginal contribution than electricity, food waste or even household heating, but could do more than individuals voluntarily avoiding flights - like the climate activist Greta Thunberg has <a href="https://www.vox.com/the-highlight/2019/7/25/8881364/greta-thunberg-climate-change-flying-airline">famously started doing</a>.</font></div><div><font size="4"><br /></font></div><div><font size="4">I'm just going to say that, with a little reflection, I'm probably not living a 1.5c lifestyle right now, given the amount I consume. So I've started on the three week rule - even setting myself google calendar reminders once it's been three weeks and I can review if I really want to buy something - and sofar, it's helped me to avoid impulse buying several things, including clothes and household appliances.</font></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5unD5H4602sd5bHjEgv1ZsQMb2SU2o7QL7glrlyAJkT02cBjlfOiqd0f7-9fx_EByQRfxLz1p8scgz2GtIjE4FjfKYBwVqZ2vwJD2JWFsS7RaTQdNF5LOWtQlR-jgCRlYt7q6YiO7oi0//" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="189" data-original-width="680" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5unD5H4602sd5bHjEgv1ZsQMb2SU2o7QL7glrlyAJkT02cBjlfOiqd0f7-9fx_EByQRfxLz1p8scgz2GtIjE4FjfKYBwVqZ2vwJD2JWFsS7RaTQdNF5LOWtQlR-jgCRlYt7q6YiO7oi0/s320/blockdock.bmp" width="320" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div><font size="4">Perhaps in a few weeks, I can review how this has gone (as well as my food waste reduction efforts). But let's move on from this first week of challenges for now. Next time, I'll write more about the second email, on ethical investment for the climate.</font><br /></div>Patrick Harrisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09624056329807384704noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1668515921552350069.post-4552239787098956632020-05-22T17:19:00.002+10:002020-05-31T16:16:10.247+10:00Can you live a 1.5c life? Pt 2<font size="2"><span style="font-size: large;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Part one of this series of posts on the 1.5c life challenge is <a href="http://terminatorline.blogspot.com/2020/05/can-you-live-15c-life-pt-1.html" target="_blank">here</a>. Part three is <a href="https://terminatorline.blogspot.com/2020/05/can-you-live-15c-life-pt-3.html">here</a>.</span></i></span></font><br />
<font size="4"><br />
</font><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;">So, I can tick off "renewable electricity" from my challenge. Let's have a look at the rest of the <a href="http://view.australianethicalsuper.com.au/?qs=1d8647d71793456e3ae957cc70ea695a253033e9d801b5a29c241ba8cd31f9dfcb1b1355e1e711751a71f8ec659a39dfbaf7785df8df2f620a1e050f9109c6d23d14b02b7b911112">first email</a> from Australian Ethical. What other personal actions can we take to live a 1.5c life, and do they match the science? <br /></span></font></div><font size="4">
<br />
</font><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;">Number two on <a href="http://view.australianethicalsuper.com.au/?qs=1d8647d71793456e3ae957cc70ea695a253033e9d801b5a29c241ba8cd31f9dfcb1b1355e1e711751a71f8ec659a39dfbaf7785df8df2f620a1e050f9109c6d23d14b02b7b911112">Australian Ethical's 1.5c lifestyle challenge</a> is reducing food waste. This is a big one, and it's been at the forefront of Australia's mind ever since the <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/ourfocus/waronwaste/" target="_blank">ABC's War on Waste</a> show aired back in 2017.</span></font></div><div><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhthnCuL8N-e4k7Pj0jliAOzXkfg0NjFlYGlPoxoKbAD3HmnjtHX5J1OCOpl3EF3AAUeIKEMGvvtfzx3S7Ks2C9_eV8hV0bEh3RJf8fYvhPg9rvraR9SFOOswUvvQ1iGG1dMg_caeazo4M//" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4505" data-original-width="4505" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhthnCuL8N-e4k7Pj0jliAOzXkfg0NjFlYGlPoxoKbAD3HmnjtHX5J1OCOpl3EF3AAUeIKEMGvvtfzx3S7Ks2C9_eV8hV0bEh3RJf8fYvhPg9rvraR9SFOOswUvvQ1iGG1dMg_caeazo4M/s320/26177c5c-88bc-4ef0-aa4e-0c19278ed7af.png" /></a></div><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></font></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;">I'm going to get very concrete on this one; I'd like to think I do as much as is reasonable on this front, but I've never gotten specific. Am I actually doing enough? How do we stack up?<br /></span></font></div><font size="4">
<span style="font-size: large;"></span></font><div><font size="4"><br /></font></div><font size="4">
<span style="font-size: large;">The average Australian, according to <a href="https://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/resources/7381c1de-31d0-429b-912c-91a6dbc83af7/files/national-waste-report-2018.pdf" target="_blank">a report prepared for the Department of the Environment and Energy in 2018</a>, produces
540kg of total waste, of which about 45% is recycled. That makes me ask - exactly how much is our two-person household producing?</span></font><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"></span><div><br /></div><div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgR6-e6iDE-dFA0Dp1_f5UlFe-ATkozFNVULY99SMP6RDX4L6vNyPFtVKh3BbtbktpNZdb25uZCF3By6MWh1tB59uB9Lbf2WPFobQ93t-LF85lPJ7iubqeF6cSbivhMU0_kB4GPo7bfqi0/s1600/1589967997770935-0.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400" /></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">This much.<br /></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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</a>
</div><br /></div>
<div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;">This
was about 300g of our household rubbish (yes, I got out the kitchen scales and
weighed it). I might take out this bin every couple of days on average,
so for simplicity's sake, let's say we produce 1kg of rubbish to
landfill a week, or 52kg a year. Let's say the amount we throw away to
landfill in bins at work or in public is the same again; 104kg total
landfill a year. Much less than the 486kg an average household of two
would produce. So far, pretty good!</span></font></div><div><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: large;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_YmTBnJPbRYiSasuZNlca4b1cuJQy_R6GCFjgNLMcUzesEhVXBarA0hziaUeg_luDRsxgleGoOBSmVaAF_CMOI4nPdMJBNr4ASgoXvsWgadBBo-zX2dBAT-sJ-uX1uVC5_D05eLVNssI/s1600/1589967993287526-1.png" width="400" />
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</div><font size="4"><br /></font></span></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;">The reycling weighs in a little more, at around 2kg. Again, I'd normally take this bag out every couple of days, so let's say that's 5kg a week, or 260kg a year.</span></font></div><div><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: large;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYhwNpxsF3sSySGliaTppxoGTZSXg5xXTMO6vcBDdEZSv1h8s5aS_QmBCzhUUQmEL0GxI4AQDyU7tRbADdcARFlwbpL6kixI6CFBPxP4aP1miXCr_QGw35_S5tunLDgIfpycGaKSyBN-k/s1600/1589967989203984-2.png" width="400" />
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<span style="font-size: large;"></span><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;">Let's not forget the soft plastics! This bag is about two weeks worth for us (we don't recycle every
single scrap that comes our way, only the things that wouldn't take a lot of
effort to clean food from). That's 220g, or about 6kg a year. Our
kerbside recycling service doesn't accept soft plastic, so this gets
dropped off to collection bins at the supermarket. With extra work, we could probably recycle a little more, and shave another kilo or two off our landfill.<br /></span></font></div><div><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: large;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgEHH63V5oHFx5AF638yey-9DW7frFgkvNL8EaTZNmXbn9Cvj6TalI2a0G_X4rwp-YdlDqzoLH6DVcwiy0Fv-itjaO98urgsKeVjrwKYbqUivkZ9dx8e0QwM4d-kyYBWYRx9_MsgNsv-Qw/s1600/1589967984087600-3.png" width="400" />
</a>
</div><br /></span></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;">And last, the star of the show: our food waste to compost. It has the daily fruit peel and coffee grounds, as well as scraps from dinner. Since we moved into our current apartment we've been composting almost all our food scraps - first through saving them up and delivering to a neighbour I found on the <a href="https://sharewaste.com/">ShareWaste</a> app, and then, once the current pandemic brought that system to a halt, through our own Bokashi compost bin in the basement. This is a relatively small container for us - some nights after dinner there is an entire bowl full of scraps. It weighs 300g, so let's say on average we compost 2.5kg a week, or 130kg a year. If we weren't composting it, our household landfill waste would be more than doubled!</span></font></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></font></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;">So my estimate of our total waste is an even 500kg a year, of which 53% percent is recycled, and 26% composted. Well under half as much as the average Australian produces, and composting the food waste and adding it to soil <a href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/08/190814161818.htm">can increase soil carbon by 12%</a> - actually drawing down some of the emissions involved in producing the food we eat or other sources. Not too shabby!<br /></span></font></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></font></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;">In the spirit of the challenge, though, I need to ask myself - how can we do better?<br /></span></font></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></font></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;">I am already on the composting, and usually<a href="https://www.rabobank.com.au/foodwaste/"> shop to a list</a> to avoid buying things I don't need. But Australian Ethical's <a href="https://www.australianethical.com.au/blog/5-easy-ways-to-cut-your-carbon-pollution-at-home/?&utm_source=member&utm_medium=enews&utm_campaign=challenge">tips</a> include <a href="https://www.heart.org/en/healthy-living/healthy-eating/add-color/keep-fruits--vegetables-fresher-longer">a couple of new ideas</a> for me - especially storing carrots with the tops cut off and celery in water. I never seem to use a whole head of celery before at least some has gone to waste! And <a href="https://www.cleanup.org.au/foodwaste">reading around elsewhere</a> I've learnt that cucumbers should be stored at room temperature, not in the fridge - in fact, there's a good half a cucumber that went bad in the above photo of my compost. But citrus is the other way around - I've been keeping it in the fruit bowl when it should go in the fridge!<br /></span></font></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></font></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;">So, I've picked up a few practical tips to up my food storage game. Taking the challenge, I think we could reduce our waste to 90kg to landfill and 120kg composted a year. <br /></span></font></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></font></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;">What would happen to our greenhouse gas emissions if every Australian took this challenge, reduced their household waste from 560kg to 178kg?</span></font></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></font></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;">The total waste generated at the local & council level in the 2018 DOE report was 13.8mt. With the per capita amount reduced threefold, that would come down to 4.38mt. This would result in a major reduction of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landfill_gas">landfill gas</a> emissions - a major source of carbon dioxide as well as methane, which has a shorter lifespan in the atmosphere than CO2, but a much higher impact over a shorter time-frame. It's hard to calculate how much of an impact landfill gas has overall, but the less rotting food waste, the less methane.<br /></span></font></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></font></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;">Quantifying food waste emissions, <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652616314457">a 2017 study in the Journal of Cleaner Production has shown</a> that it accounts for 6% of Australia's GHG emissions - 57,507 Gg CO2-eq. annually - as well as 9% of our water use. </span></font></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;"></span></font></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></font></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;">Do these personal actions, cutting down food waste in the home, match the science for averting 1.5c of global warming?</span></font></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></font></div><div><span style="font-size: large;"><font size="4">As with buying renewable power, the shortest answer is yes. The longer answer is a little more complicated. Reading into the facts about food waste globally, we can see that, in developed nations, the share of food waste at the consumer end grows, while in the global south, more occurs from loss at the point of production or in the supply chain. A Food and Agriculture Office of the United Nations (FAO) <a href="http://www.fao.org/3/i3347e/i3347e.pdf">report into food waste in 2013</a> found that, in North America and Oceania, food waste from consumers was 40%. </font><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCMyqWG2ZS0B_MuYLb8gxhqWXyTlHtYvYgHZfdZmxKvahH28-EcUj4GqMGLqizqPMbRa6V9RLpN4cJ1KI5SG3mvUHPEnaNllw_VQDAYt9HT9bDi8YUnIfd656bpT_oLOWXZayt1FzD0Vk//" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="571" data-original-width="972" height="307" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCMyqWG2ZS0B_MuYLb8gxhqWXyTlHtYvYgHZfdZmxKvahH28-EcUj4GqMGLqizqPMbRa6V9RLpN4cJ1KI5SG3mvUHPEnaNllw_VQDAYt9HT9bDi8YUnIfd656bpT_oLOWXZayt1FzD0Vk/s320/Annotation+2020-05-22+161352.png" width="523" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The top three bars are developed nations; section in aqua is waste by consumers<br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;">For Australia, the 2018 DOE report documents 16.1mt of agricultural waste which is managed on-site; this is more than all our current municipal landfill production, but it doesn't document how this waste is managed by the agriculture industry. The report also doesn't</span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"> estimate the impact of food waste generated on-farm, and in many upstream food processing operations; however, worldwide, it is estimated that 50% of all fruit grown is wasted, and, as we saw in the War on Waste, much of that does occur by simply leaving food to rot. One of the chief climate impacts of the current pandemic has been a <a href="https://theconversation.com/why-farmers-are-dumping-milk-down-the-drain-and-letting-produce-rot-in-fields-136567">sudden spike in this kind of food waste</a>, as closure of restaurants and large commercial purchasers have resulted in a sudden oversupply of that part of the market - even though there have been shortages on supermarket shelves!</span></span></font></div><div><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div><span style="font-size: large;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/proxy/AVvXsEjfaRHhi9DX9QVHccDCMBQ22sL-mLTaVkRDLJH9IjjLJLByx63b9m6yOo6zmsHB_cbVcQ1t_UQAtjlywOS0uFQzWyrjst7dS1v2mJbVAZaQqsmCU-fIxixeg2Vymz_x7ArUUS6NLFhmqIXthX0pT92v-ygapqebE7pqpYYiXFV66c90-28deDGqXVX2r8AdTU_yZXxI-Akt6sHDO_OUUAILAWvMqFVElP7sf9MorsWSJ9uAmJcb33WiLLZF3p-gFXTQeSbVDxmHO3tOLlv86kGgPx10WO3qdT_f-mTe8mbiydVOP3nqpekowg=s2048" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="668" data-original-width="1356" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/proxy/AVvXsEjfaRHhi9DX9QVHccDCMBQ22sL-mLTaVkRDLJH9IjjLJLByx63b9m6yOo6zmsHB_cbVcQ1t_UQAtjlywOS0uFQzWyrjst7dS1v2mJbVAZaQqsmCU-fIxixeg2Vymz_x7ArUUS6NLFhmqIXthX0pT92v-ygapqebE7pqpYYiXFV66c90-28deDGqXVX2r8AdTU_yZXxI-Akt6sHDO_OUUAILAWvMqFVElP7sf9MorsWSJ9uAmJcb33WiLLZF3p-gFXTQeSbVDxmHO3tOLlv86kGgPx10WO3qdT_f-mTe8mbiydVOP3nqpekowg=s320" width="407" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Milk being tipped down the drain during the Covid-19 lockdowns<br /></td></tr></tbody></table><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/proxy/AVvXsEhtu_iqV54ZJPaWyeniRQOT5I6Pv35n95L0jm_VTF-rWSuPyCetQ2tGRv5Vb3KlIm7wkS63h1qX3tj0XWBX6SIWMS2wvLdOPs1saAMvZXwhxDowgi_bmvVqyVd6h1IwoyllURszgJmo5930upup54rJlLBcsnEbCcXbeDUj-XU_BG9ToQ92OGjnMiYPhgWvNxXlU2LBKebN3mayVUlFoVw0uqiLW86GrBIskiASlRw_v_iZcJI4rOWjfDqB1R0qaUdFc25CAfpMGV-1LNuL1X9b3cy3JDr-bFRmZePinG0Xe-f0YzCuBP1TY-iO7sTmiI75MNb9Ow=s2048" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a></div><span style="font-size: large;"></span></span></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;">However, the food that reaches consumers is the most highly processed (and valuable) of all food waste. The 2017 study found that around half of all of Australia's food-waste emissions came from consumers - 2.8% of total food emissions - while 3.1% of total food emissions were from industrial food waste. Food eaten domestically accounts for 14.2% of total emissions, food exported 20.9% (and if the ratios are the same as in Australia, then at least a third of those emissions are going to food which ends up being wasted too).</span></span></font></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></font></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;">And there is a double footprint for this wasted food; the remaining 59% of agricultural GHG emissions come from non-food products, such as the industrial processes required to farm and transport food. Composting can turn the 5.9% of greenhouse gas emissions from food waste into increased carbon in the soil; reducing food waste, and thus, total consumption, would allow these non-food emissions to never be spent in the first place.<br /></span></span></font></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></font></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;">There is one extra action we need to be taking to reduce food waste in line with the 1.5c challenge; after all, food consumtion isn't limited to the home. A 2016 RMIT study into food waste within restaurants, cafes and other food service businesses <a href="https://www.hospitalitymagazine.com.au/40-percent-of-australian-restaurant-food-wasted-study/">found that 40% of food they purchased ended up in the bin</a>. So I'm also going to challenge myself to buy less takeaway food unless I know the business has good food waste practices in place. <br /></span></font></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></font></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;">So, the conclusion after reviewing the science is: in developed nations like Australia, the US and Europe, personal actions in the home to reduce food waste will definitely be necessary to keep ourselves under 1.5c of warming. Plan your meals, and don't be afraid to buy ugly food - you can make equally good stock or soups out of a bendy carrot or a skinny celery. There are limits; personal actions won't be able tackle some of big parts of the puzzle avoiding food waste - that wasted within food retail or on the farm, or avoiding producing food that isn't needed in the first place. In a society which is geared towards the generation of profit, choosing not to produce something profitable might sound crazy, but it is undoubtably what we need to do.<br /></span></font></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></font></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;">There are systemic actions, as well as individual ones, that will address these issues. For food waste within the hospitality industry, stronger laws or incentives are needed to ensure industry-wide changes. Right now, only 22% of businesses even measure the amount of food they waste.<br /></span></font></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></font></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;">When it comes to composting while living in an apartment, I've had to go to a lot of effort to get our systems up and running; municipal composting schemes can take a lot of the hard individual work out of capturing and sequestering these emissions. In my local area, Wollongong City Council is <a href="https://wollongong.nsw.gov.au/whats-on/news-and-alerts/news/news/december-2019/fogo-remains-a-go-go-for-trial-participants">trialling municipal collection of Food Organics and Garden Organics (FOGO)</a> in a separate bin, to collectively prevent food waste emissions reaching the atmosphere.<br /></span></font></div><div><font size="4"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></font></div><div><span style="font-size: large;"><font size="4">There are also agricultural systems which can avoid a lot of the emissions in the first place. In our local area, <a href="https://green-connect.com.au/">Green Connect</a> is a social enterprise which runs a permaculture farm, growing low-emissions food with minimal waste and delivering it straight to households in the local area. For people like us, where growing our own food and avoiding the whole supply chain is restricted by our available space, a local, sustainable model for urban agriculture is needed to avoid the food waste from industrial-scale agriculture. </font><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-size: large;"><font size="2"><i>In part three I'll finish with the first email - I promise! - and move on to the successive weeks of the campaign.</i></font><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"></span>Patrick Harrisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09624056329807384704noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1668515921552350069.post-6606411295442831552020-05-17T22:24:00.003+10:002020-05-31T16:15:43.512+10:00Can you live a 1.5c life? Pt 1<div><span style="font-size: large;"><font size="2"><span style="font-size: large;"><i><span style="font-size: small;"></span></i></span></font>1.5c is a pretty important target, as I've written about <a href="https://terminatorline.blogspot.com/2020/04/15.html" target="_blank">here</a>. Even under the best case scenarios, the human race has already locked ourselves in for a lot of misery thanks to climate change, but if we can't keep ourselves to under 1.5c of warming, we will almost certainly be creating an extinction-level event. So I was intrigued to see my super fund, Australian Ethical, wanted to tell me <a href="https://www.australianethical.com.au/blog/How-you-can-live-a-1.5-degree-life/" target="_blank">"How to live a 1.5 degree life"</a> - and even wanted me to take a <a href="http://view.australianethicalsuper.com.au/?qs=1d8647d71793456e3ae957cc70ea695a253033e9d801b5a29c241ba8cd31f9dfcb1b1355e1e711751a71f8ec659a39dfbaf7785df8df2f620a1e050f9109c6d23d14b02b7b911112" target="_blank">"living a 1.5-degree life challenge"</a> this month.</span></div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">Since I've been doing a lot of reading about the climate science of this target, as well as the politics of action to get us there, I thought I'd better take the challenge and make sure I'm doing all that I personally can - but also run the numbers, and see if they actually add up. I'll do this over the course of a few posts, as the challenge emails come in.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">I'm going to set out a bit of a conceptual framework here, as a whole lot of maths isn't really my strong suit. If every Australian made these lifestyle changes, would that alone really put us on track to the reductions we need to keep to our Paris Accord commitments and no more than 1.5c of warming? Of course, Australia has a small population - but we are the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_greenhouse_gas_emissions" target="_blank">fourteenth largest emitter</a>, and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_greenhouse_gas_emissions_per_capita" target="_blank">one of the highest per capita emitters</a>, with only small island states or countries with oil-centric economies ahead of us. We can, and should, lead the way, not drag our heals and continue to <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2020/may/03/trouble-with-gas-the-coalition-is-betting-on-the-fossil-fuel-for-recovery-but-the-sums-dont-add-up" target="_blank">beat the drum for fossil fuels</a>.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">So, what are the personal actions Australian Ethical wants us to take? </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">Number one on the list is switching to renewable energy, either through rooftop solar if you can, or switching to a renewable provider (like Meridian, which the Australian Ethical video admits they invest in).</span><br />
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<iframe align="middle" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/jrYA3TCiImo" width="560"></iframe>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Now, I'm a renter, so I've already done as much as I can right now - made the switch to Powershop, the subsidiary which retails Meridian's renewable electricity. I did this well before I switched my super to Australian Ethical, back when my partner and I started renting again at the end of 2018, after being referred by a local environmental activist, and I've since referred one fellow activist on myself.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">I've passed the first step of the challenge. But am I living a 1.5c life? </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">What would happen if every Australian did this? The simplest answer would be, we would all have renewable energy. But the grid doesn't work that way. Australia is comprised of one main grid or "market" - connecting the east and southern coast states (the National Energy Market or NEM), with others for Western Australia and the Northern Territory. A big part of Beyond Zero Emission's <a href="https://bze.org.au/research/renewable-energy-plan/" target="_blank">roadmap for a 100% renewable grid in Australia</a> is connecting all the state grids from east to west, so that energy can be moved from regions where renewables are producing to those where it is not. The entirety of section 5 of the plan is dedicated to grid upgrades.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">The website <a href="https://opennem.org.au/energy/nem" target="_blank">OpenNEM</a> actually displays the contribution renewables are making to the NEM over time, if you are interested in diving into the numbers:</span><br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgebMNDqi_VhxH2Gf10NI2wxf0I0_B3nOtZWHzxdTr4qj4A1CEXcaizqPhXevwhWXQzmS4edG-TLvsMGVbnXzDNhmeZo7c8duK19c4JmqeTzqndcYz-bHZDHRcOf4EGLYSlfaowPwMFa7c/s1600/Annotation+2020-05-17+181121.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="868" data-original-width="1575" height="176" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgebMNDqi_VhxH2Gf10NI2wxf0I0_B3nOtZWHzxdTr4qj4A1CEXcaizqPhXevwhWXQzmS4edG-TLvsMGVbnXzDNhmeZo7c8duK19c4JmqeTzqndcYz-bHZDHRcOf4EGLYSlfaowPwMFa7c/s320/Annotation+2020-05-17+181121.png" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">OpenNEM snapshot on May 17</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-size: large;">The black and brown bars contributing most of our power are coal. In the past year, coal contributed 67% of the NEM's electricity. Powershop's parent company may sell renewable energy to the market, but, as they point out in <a href="https://www.powershop.com.au/blog/carbon-offsetting-and-certificates-how-do-they-work/" target="_blank">a recent blog post</a>, they cannot guarantee where the actual electicity arriving down the wire is coming from - and especially in peak times on windless summer evenings, most of it will be from fossil fuels. That is why Powershop also <a href="https://www.powershop.com.au/why-powershop/renewable-energy/carbon-neutral/" target="_blank">buys carbon offsets</a>, to "undo" the damage being done by that coal power they are selling.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">If every Australian started buying only <a href="https://www.greenpower.gov.au/" target="_blank">accredited green power</a> from Powershop or other retailers today, it would not solve the fundamental issues with that market within the time frame that we need. The immediate rise in price of green power certificates and carbon offsets would make projects selling renewables a lot more profitable than coal, but without a coast-to-coast smart grid with substantial built-in storage, it won't allow for us to switch of all of our coal-fired power within a decade. That would take major intervention by government or large capitalists.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">In fact, it is the present system of markets and price signals which has, so far, failed to deliver on the most significant untapped form of renewable energy in Beyond Zero Emission's report: Concentrated Solar Thermal. In Port Augusta, a plant was proposed, with the backing of the entire local community. But it <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-04-05/solar-thermal-plant-will-not-go-ahead-in-port-augusta/10973948" target="_blank">failed to drum up sufficient up-front capital</a>, and was bought out by company 1414 Degrees - who <a href="https://www.pv-magazine-australia.com/2020/01/15/port-augusta-320-mw-wind-solar-project-secures-finance/" target="_blank">plan to build traditional photovoltaic solar instead, and add storage later</a>, to reduce the upfront capital cost. </span><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://www.ecogeneration.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Aurora_Banner.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="431" data-original-width="720" height="191" src="https://www.ecogeneration.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Aurora_Banner.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">This is the exact kind of slow, insufficient change that leaving electricity supply up to the market has given us already. From a mandatory renewables target of 5% in 2001, the NEM reached 26% of energy coming from renewables last year. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">Every Australian buying from a renewable provider might drive change a little bit faster than that increase of 21% in 19 years. That's what Powershop's argues on their website:</span><br />
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-size: large;"><i>By purchasing GreenPower you’re minimising your impact on the
environment and it means additional RECs are surrendered over and above
the compulsory requirements set by the Renewable Energy Target. This
clearly demonstrates that there’s a demand for renewables leading to
continued growth, investment and promotion of the renewable energy
sector.</i> </span></blockquote>
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">However, this isn't actually the case. Australian consumer watchdog Choice has warned that <a href="https://www.choice.com.au/home-improvement/energy-saving/reducing-your-carbon-footprint/articles/greenpower-renewable-energy" target="_blank">GreenPower certification certificates won't lead to any change</a> beyond what our governments have already committed to doing: </span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<br />
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null"></a><i><span style="font-size: large;">Back in 2009, CHOICE complained to the ACCC
about misleading GreenPower claims in relation to emissions reductions
that were in breach of Australian Consumer Law. After consultation with
the ACCC, GreenPower directed electricity companies to change their
marketing language – they could no longer say that buying GreenPower
lowered emissions or had an 'environmental' impact... if you're hoping for an environmental benefit in the form of cutting
Australia's emissions, beyond what the government has already committed
to deliver, it's not.</span></i></blockquote>
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">In other words, when it comes to renewables, market mechanisms can't do the job of bringing us in line with a 1.5c target, unless the government introduces policy that matches it - like 100% renewables and net zero by 2035. </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">I am not living a 1.5c life.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">There is another part of Australian Ethical's ask that I haven't addressed, as it doesn't apply to me, as a renter in a strata-managed building: buying and installing your own rooftop solar photovoltaics (PV). If I owned my own house and generated my own solar, could I be living a 1.5c life? </span><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Right now, there are <a href="https://www.energy.gov.au/households/solar-pv-and-batteries" target="_blank">2.37 million solar PV installations</a> on rooftops around the country - 21% of all houses, and rooftop solar generated 11,000 gigawatt hours for the NEM in the last year - 5.7% of the market. So if all households in Australia (somewhere around 11 million) generated at the same rate, we could have about 28% percent of our electricity coming from rooftop PV. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">There's a number of problems with this maths, too, though. Once again, technical issues with the grid hold us back. Our grids are designed to take power from large sources and distribute it down the line. Houses providing their own electricity takes load off the grid, but if they try and start feeding it back in on that kind of scale, <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-10-11/electricity-distributors-warn-excess-solar-could-damage-grid/10365622" target="_blank">the energy companies warn it could cause power surges</a>, leading to local transformers tripping off and localised blackouts. That is, unless they slug us for upgrading the grid.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">Audrey Zibelman, head of the national regulator AEMO, wrote about the troubles with this approach earlier this year, when they said Australia could be seeing <a href="https://reneweconomy.com.au/aemo-lays-out-action-plan-to-manage-75-pct-wind-and-solar-by-2025-2025/" target="_blank">days of 75% renewables within 5 years</a> - but at that point, the regulators would need to update inverter standards and make other reforms, or renewable contribution would have to be limited to 60%. AEMO projects that amount <a href="https://aemo.com.au/en/energy-systems/major-publications/integrated-system-plan-isp" target="_blank">could rise to 90% renewables by 2040</a> - heartening, but well outside of the point Australia should have already reached net zero to stay consistent with 1.5c of warming.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">So, if I wanted to live a 1.5c life, I would have to disconnect from the grid completely, and go "off-grid" with in-home storage like a Tesla Powerwall and rooftop PV. <a href="https://solarcalculator.com.au/off-grid-solar/" target="_blank">For my partner and I in a small, two-bedroom house</a> (apartment, actually) that would set us back $15,000 - $25,000 AUD; for the average household with 4 bedrooms, this could be up to $40,000. This is inefficient compared to the economies of scale of large solar and wind farms; it also leaves me out of pocket for the up-front cost, not a government or utility corporation.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">That leads me onto another big part to this equation, which is the concept of climate justice. As well as applying to the gap in contribution between already developed and currently developing nations, climate justice also applies within developed societies. Massive fossil fuel companies and governments made the decisions that led to our grid being set up to still be running on coal power when a fully-renewable grid could be up and running today. Capitalists have continued to rake in massive profits over the years, even though <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/climate-consensus-97-per-cent/2018/sep/19/shell-and-exxons-secret-1980s-climate-change-warnings" target="_blank">they have known their investment was causing climate change for decades</a>. </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Yet, if every house makes the same contribution by paying the cost to go off-grid, the individuals who made those decisions would pay the exact same cost as those from the massive majority of society who never had a say. That is not climate justice.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<div><span style="font-size: large;">I'll deal with the other main points of Australian Ethical's first challenge in my next post.</span></div><div><br /><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><font size="2"><span style="font-size: large;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Part two of this series of posts on the 1.5c life challenge is <a href="https://terminatorline.blogspot.com/2020/05/can-you-live-15c-life-pt-2.html" target="_blank">here</a>. Part three is <a href="https://terminatorline.blogspot.com/2020/05/can-you-live-15c-life-pt-3.html">here</a>.</span></i></span></font></span></span></div>Patrick Harrisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09624056329807384704noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1668515921552350069.post-2446320015707034882020-05-11T14:05:00.001+10:002020-05-11T14:05:03.541+10:00Out of the woods, pt 3<i>This post is part three of a series. Click here for <a href="https://terminatorline.blogspot.com/2020/04/out-of-woods-pt-1.html" target="_blank">part one</a> and <a href="https://terminatorline.blogspot.com/2020/05/out-of-woods-pt-2.html" target="_blank">part two</a>. </i><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">So, I've looked at the climate science of forests and woodlands, and what part deforestation and bushfires have played and will play in climate change. In this post, I'll talk more about the climate politics of how we can get on the right track, the track into more woods.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-size: large;">What can we do to change our path?</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/ff59c07584c19b6bbae06f43349f1133f3e99c5b/0_34_1024_614/master/1024.jpg?width=620&quality=45&auto=format&fit=max&dpr=2&s=00629089167eacba1e5efd25c197e740" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="480" data-original-width="800" height="191" src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/ff59c07584c19b6bbae06f43349f1133f3e99c5b/0_34_1024_614/master/1024.jpg?width=620&quality=45&auto=format&fit=max&dpr=2&s=00629089167eacba1e5efd25c197e740" width="320" /></a></span></div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">Peter Camejo's classic speech from the Vietnam war era, <a href="https://www.marxists.org/archive/camejo/1970/ultraleftismormassaction.htm" target="_blank"><i>Liberalism Ultraleftism or Mass Action</i></a>, has been a guiding light for me ever since I came across it. So I'm going to group the current and historical campaigns to stop deforestation and protect our woodlands into those three broad categories - liberal, ultraleft, or mass action strategies.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">Liberal strategies for stopping deforestation revolve around appealing to the good conscience of the ruling class of society. This can mean appealing to the government to pass better laws to protect the environment, activists chanelling their energy into petitions or utilising the existing laws; it can also mean appealing to the capitalists doing the deforesting directly.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">An example of the latter is the current Wilderness Society asking you to <a href="https://wilderness.good.do/ceosdeforestation/emailceos/?utm_source=Website&utm_medium=Deforestation_Page" target="_blank">sign mass letters to the CEOs of major companies</a>, demanding that they make policies or statements to remove deforestation from their supply chain. The WWF's <a href="http://gftn.panda.org/" target="_blank">Global Forest & Trade Network</a> is another example, creating a market for responsible forestry. These tools might sometimes work - I like to believe that most people have a good heart, after all - but in a capitalist society, where competition and the profit motive are hard wired into the system, any business who choses a more expensive means of production on moral grounds risks being undercut by those who aren't so ethical.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">The former kind of campaign includes the Nature Conservation Council's campaign to <a href="https://www.nature.org.au/get-involved/take-action/bushfire-emergency-save-forests-from-logging-destruction/" target="_blank">declare a moratorium on logging in public forests</a>. Again, petitioning the people in government in a capitalist society, who almost always see their job as upholding the dominant class interests in society, is only going to lead to slow, incremental change unless they think the issue is going to win or lose them an election - and that is largely determined by a news media world growing ever more determined to uphold the class interests of those in power themselves.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">The best a liberal campaign asking the government for action can deliver is Victoria's ban on old growth logging in 90,000 hectares of the state; the plan has a <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2019/nov/07/native-forest-logging-to-be-phased-out-by-2030-as-victoria-plans-timber-transition" target="_blank">sunset clause for existing logging activities until 2030</a>, and green groups have concerns that the new zoning <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/nov/26/green-groups-fear-victorian-logging-ban-may-actually-endanger-some-old-growth-forest" target="_blank">might reclassify areas currently considered "old growth"</a>. It's identifying the path we need to go down, but leaving the real kilometres of it to a future government, when it has the power to take that path today.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.nma.gov.au/__data/assets/image/0003/544890/11351411.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="495" data-original-width="800" height="197" src="https://www.nma.gov.au/__data/assets/image/0003/544890/11351411.jpg" width="320" /></a></span></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">Protesters at the Franklin River, 1982</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Then, there are ultraleftist strategies. They reject liberal ideas about appealing to the good will of the ruling class, and don't want to work within the boundaries of the democratic system. But they still don't see an alternative to the power of the ruling class or the government; instead, they involve generally small numbers of people in militant tactics that "break the rules", hoping to convince the ruling class that the cost of doing business in this way is too high. These tactics always appeal to those looking inward, within a small radicalised community, and trying to find some shortcut to change.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">The most succesful example of this kind of strategy is <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-01-24/miranda-gibson-australias-longest-running-tree-sitter/9335934" target="_blank">Miranda Gibson's tree-sit to protect Tasmania's forests.</a> She climbed up a tree in an area scheduled for logging in December 2011, putting her body in the way of the saws to demand the Styx valley, home to the <a href="https://www.australiantraveller.com/tas/styx-valley-tasmanias-valley-of-the-giants-trees/" target="_blank">world's tallest hardwood trees</a>, be added to Tasmania's World Heritage Area. After over a year of her sit, with international attention on the cause, the Federal government announced an extra 170,000 hectares of forest would be nominated for protection. Gibson still holds the record for the longest tree-sit in Australian history, at an astonishing 449 days. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">As great a victory as this was for Australia's woodlands, these kinds of tactics alone cannot protect forests for good. Companies will gladly sit out individual actions, or even <a href="https://dwembassy.com/" target="_blank">empowered communities</a>. This is apparent in the bid by Tony Abbott's following government to have the forest delisted - thankfully, <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-06-24/unesco-rejects-bid-to-delist-world-heritage-forest/5538946?nw=0" target="_blank">one which failed</a>. But they will try again.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">Gibson's campaign gained so much success because part of her strategy was also to share her story, via solar-powered computer, and win mass support for the campaign. And this brings us to the third strategy for change identified by Camejo: independent mass action.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/59c83ccf69deb1506ff670ab713507f42ce4a465/0_278_4256_2554/master/4256.jpg?width=1300&quality=45&auto=format&fit=max&dpr=2&s=4db80a7d3971c3253d7435c67bd9cff4" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="480" data-original-width="800" height="240" src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/59c83ccf69deb1506ff670ab713507f42ce4a465/0_278_4256_2554/master/4256.jpg?width=1300&quality=45&auto=format&fit=max&dpr=2&s=4db80a7d3971c3253d7435c67bd9cff4" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Bushfire crisis protest in Sydney, January 2020</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">An independent mass action strategy aims to challenge the power of the ruling class - not by activists going through the democratic channels, or by making small militant actions, but by looking to the other great class power in society - that of the working classes. Its aim is to draw the great masses of society into struggle themselves, not struggle on their behalf. It aims to break the rules - not the laws that say we can't protest on private property, but the fundamental rules about who owns society.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">The simplest understanding of an independent mass action strategy is that it aims to call mass street rallies. And this is an important tactic; for the environment movement, the most recent examples of mass rallies which cut through the white noise and brought masses into action in Australia are the <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/sep/21/across-the-globe-millions-join-biggest-climate-protest-ever" target="_blank">#climatestrike</a> and <a href="https://www.schoolstrike4climate.com/" target="_blank">School Strike 4 Climate actions</a> of late 2019. They were followed up by the <a href="https://www.sbs.com.au/news/thousands-rally-across-australia-condemning-government-handling-of-bushfire-crisis" target="_blank">bushfire emergency rallies</a> demanding the government do more - to protect the people, and landscapes, vulnerable to climate change through better funding for emergency services and meaningful climate action. Those Australian and global mass actions, while unsustained, have <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2019/nov/26/more-voters-think-australia-not-doing-enough-on-climate-guardian-essential-poll-shows" target="_blank">led to</a> <a href="https://www.tai.org.au/sites/default/files/Polling%20-%20January%202020%20-%20Climate%20change%20concern%20and%20attitude%20%5BWeb%5D.pdf" target="_blank">a real shift in the conversation</a> on climate change in this country.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">However, independent mass actions don't only mean the one tactic of street rallies. They can use any particular form of activism that brings masses into action, with a goal of exercising their own power, rather than appealing to the ruling class. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">Worker's struggle, in the form of strikes, is another key tactic in a mass action perspective. Today in Australia strikes are only allowed while negotiating a new agreement, but we have a proud history of worker's strikes for the environment in the form of <a href="https://newmatilda.com/2011/07/19/green-bans-saved-sydney/" target="_blank">green bans</a> - the campaign by the Builders Labourers Federation (BLF) to protect parklands and historic sites within Sydney. In the initial fight to protect <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kellys_Bush_Park" target="_blank">Kellys Bush Park</a>, the workers <a href="https://dictionaryofsydney.org/entry/green_bans_movement" target="_blank">threw down the gauntlet</a> to developer AVJennins: </span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<i><span style="font-size: large;">If you attempt to build on Kelly's Bush, even if there is the loss of
one tree, this half-completed building will remain so forever, as a
monument to Kelly's Bush.</span></i></blockquote>
<span style="font-size: large;">Today is a sad day for that history; Jack Mundey, the leader of the NSW BLF through those struggles, has passed away at age 90. May he rest in power.</span><br />
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
<div dir="ltr" lang="en">
<span style="font-size: large;">We have lost a champion for the planet and for working people. Jack Mundey, a comrade and a leader, who saved so much of our heritage with the Green Bans movement died last night. Rembering him and thinking of his family today. Thanks Jack. Thanks so very much.</span></div>
<span style="font-size: large;">— David Shoebridge (@ShoebridgeMLC) <a href="https://twitter.com/ShoebridgeMLC/status/1259615941119275010?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">May 10, 2020</a></span></blockquote>
<script async="" charset="utf-8" src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js"></script>
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">The green bans campaign was one of the most effective forms of independent mass action ever used in Australia. It utilised the independent power of the workers, uniting with environmental and anti-corporate activists, against the wishes of capital - tying up $3 billion (in 1974 AUD) of investment. This independent mass action had to be quashed, and so the federal leadership of the union intervened, standing down Mundey and ending the policy of green bans. Of course, it later turned out the federal leader of the BLF, Norm Gallagher, was <a href="http://www.atua.org.au/biogs/ALE1337b.htm" target="_blank">taking bribes from the construction bosses</a>, leading to the closure of the BLF and its replacement by the CFMEU.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">The CFMEU is militant in action for wages, but it has inherited the anti-environmental perspective of the latter BLF. Taking down the "<a href="https://www.theage.com.au/national/victoria/union-pushes-for-24-hour-construction-sites-amid-coronavirus-20200327-p54eni.html" target="_blank">24 hour construction sites</a>" and <a href="https://me.cfmeu.org.au/leadership-message/adani-jobs-must-be-permanent-local-and-well-paid" target="_blank">pro-fossil fuel bureacracy</a> of the CFMEU is a key struggle for climate activists. A CFMEU green ban ban on cutting down old-growth forests would bring the industry to a meaningful halt, and stop devestating climate change. The CFMEU leadership might be deluded enough to think climate change isn't an issue that will impact blue-collar workers in Australia, or that they can't adopt a more radical stance - but the history of the BLF shows otherwise.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">These campaign strategies or orientations are far from exclusive - and they can sometimes bleed over into each other, or be complimentary. Individual tactics can fit into any of the three perspectives. Mass rallies can make liberal demands, direction action tactics can compliment legal or mass campaigns. Miranda Gibson's tree-sit did exactly this. And Tasmania's best-known fight to protect the environment, the <a href="https://www.nma.gov.au/defining-moments/resources/franklin-dam-and-the-greens" target="_blank">fight to stop the Franklin Dam</a>, utilised all kinds of tactics - including a write-in campaign on the 1981 state referendum that won an astonishing 45% of the vote. </span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">So, what should you do right now?</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">I encourage everyone to get involved in all of the above kinds of campaigns to protect our forests as much as they feel is right. From my point of view, though, both the severity of the climate crisis and the centrality of capitalism in the crisis, mean we must take a mass action approach to climate activism.</span>Patrick Harrisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09624056329807384704noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1668515921552350069.post-67257035005986266792020-05-08T11:31:00.001+10:002020-05-08T12:03:43.603+10:00Out of the woods, pt 2<i>This post follows on from <a href="https://terminatorline.blogspot.com/2020/04/out-of-woods-pt-1.html" target="_blank">Out of the woods, pt 1</a>.</i><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">The Australian bushfires fires of last summer feel like a lifetime ago now. I was lucky enough to live in a region that wasn't directly affected, although we were bordered by both the Currowan and Green Wattle Creek fires which devestated villages I know well. Relatives further down the coast lost their homes and were trapped for days. And all of us on the east coast spent months under more or less of a smoke haze, some days so strong it was hard to breathe. Residents of Canberra, a natural bowl, had the worst of it, but even in Sydney, the Opera House became invisible from across the harbour. For myself, I knew it was a bad day when I woke up and couldn't see Mount Keira three kilometres away. The anxiety was constant, and the relief of the drought-breaking rain in February was immeasurable.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">What did the fire season mean for climate change? In the simplest terms - <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2020/apr/21/summers-bushfires-released-more-carbon-dioxide-than-australia-does-in-a-year" target="_blank">830 million tonnes of carbon dioxide emitted</a>. There are only five nations who emitted as much carbon as the fires into the atmosphere last year: China, the US, India, Russia and Japan. By far, they burnt the largest ever amount of temperate forests in Australia's historical record.</span><br />
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<a href="https://www.industry.gov.au/sites/default/files/April%202020/image/national-greenhouse-gas-bushfires-in-2019-20-figure-3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="448" data-original-width="800" height="179" src="https://www.industry.gov.au/sites/default/files/April%202020/image/national-greenhouse-gas-bushfires-in-2019-20-figure-3.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">But the actual impact is a little more... well, hazy.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">A word on the misdirections toward arson and backburning before I get into the science. NewsCorpse columnist Andrew Bolt was one of the many conservative commentators who tried to undermine the shift in consciousness that occured during the fires by blaming either deliberate arson or green tape preventing hazard reduction burning. They have been <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-51125898" target="_blank">rebutted</a> <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-01-11/australias-fires-reveal-arson-not-a-major-cause/11855022" target="_blank">elsewhere</a> <a href="https://www.sbs.com.au/news/hazard-reduction-not-a-panacea-rfs-boss-shane-fitzsimmons-says" target="_blank">in depth</a>, so I won't spend this post explaining why they are wrong; however, for anyone who is interested in deliberately-lit fires, I recommend Chloe Hooper's book, the Arsonist, which details exactly what happened in one such case.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">However, reading the <a href="https://www.industry.gov.au/data-and-publications/estimating-greenhouse-gas-emissions-from-bushfires-in-australias-temperate-forests-focus-on-2019-20" target="_blank">technical update by the Department of Industry, Science, Energy and Resources</a> (hardly a bastion of the culture wars) put Bolt's claims that the fires weren't the "largest" we've ever experienced to bed. The above graph, taken from that update, shows the devestation of temperate forests in Australia; savanna fires may cover far more area, but they represent far less destruction of endangered species, loss of habitat and biodiversity - and release of carbon emissions.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">But what does the technical update have to say about the hundreds of millions of tonnes of carbon released into the atmosphere by the fires? In essence, that they don't count - at least not for our National Greenhouse Accounts or reporting to the IPCC. Most of the time, bushfires don't actually kill off trees in temperate Australian forests, only burn the bark, leaves and understory shrubs. As such, new growth will draw almost all the carbon released back out of the atmosphere within 10-15 years.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">Is that really the case? Thankfully, we have had months of sustained rains in most of the coastal areas. They may have fallen down the page amidst the pandemic, but images of forests sprouting <a href="https://theconversation.com/these-plants-and-animals-are-now-flourishing-as-life-creeps-back-after-bushfires-130293" target="_blank">green new growth</a> after the fire have done the rounds on Australian social media. The initial signs are good. However, it is only some kinds of trees which can regrow under such conditions. The fires burnt in rainforest areas previously thought safe, and may have wiped out many species.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">It will take the forests a long time to draw down that much carbon, and in the short term, we are seeing a huge spike. During the fires, the <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2020/jan/24/australian-bushfires-to-contribute-to-huge-annual-increase-in-global-carbon-dioxide" target="_blank">British Met Office estimated</a> we would hit a peak of 417 parts per million (PPM) of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere this year thanks to the fires. We have actually hit a recorded high of 418 on May 3rd. 450 PPM is almost certainly going to tip us over the line to a dangerous 2c of warming and runaway climate change, which I wrote a little about in <a href="https://terminatorline.blogspot.com/2020/04/15.html" target="_blank">this post.</a></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">The spike will only go back down if the forests that burned are able to regrow for 10-15 years, without drought or future fires. This is almost guaranteed not to happen if we don't immediately address climate change, as this graph from the technical update hints. The negative green bars are showing the amount of carbon being drawn down by regrowth after fire, the orange the amount released. The more frequently severe bushfires occur, the less "carbon neutral" they become.</span><br />
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<a href="https://www.industry.gov.au/sites/default/files/April%202020/image/national-greenhouse-gas-bushfires-in-2019-20-figure-7.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="420" data-original-width="800" height="167" src="https://www.industry.gov.au/sites/default/files/April%202020/image/national-greenhouse-gas-bushfires-in-2019-20-figure-7.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">We must fight to protect forests in the wake of the fires. I will talk about the climate politics around forests in the final post of this series, but the most important thing to remark on here is to massively expand our bushfire fighting capacity. The priorities in Australia's bushfire fighting efforts were to protect lives first, property second, and forests third. We need to incorporate the urgent need to protect regrowing temperate forests from bushfires to maintain their status as carbon sinks, and intervene early.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">That means more permanent volunteer payment provisions, and expanding equipment available to put fires out before they become<a href="https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2019/dec/07/australia-fires-blazes-too-big-to-put-out-as-140-bushfires-rage-in-nsw-and-queensland" target="_blank"> too big to fight</a>. In the fire season, aircraft and specialists had to be called in from overseas, and the state and federal governments all passed the buck on footing the bill. To buy C-130 waterbombers outright costs in the tens of millions of Australian dollars.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">Celeste Barber's $51 million dollar Facebook fundraiser for the fires is a great step in the right direction, as the NSW Rural Fire Service must put the money towards equipment to expanding the Service's capacity to fight fires. It recieved over $100 million in donations throughout the crisis. Unfortunately, although Barber's fundraiser was clearly dedicated to the RFS trust, it's not exactly what people had in mind, as the description suggested it would help rebuild devestated communities - the RFS is <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-05-06/nsw-rfs-could-get-ag-to-help-unlock-celeste-barber-bushfire-cash/12219432" target="_blank">currently exploring</a> ways it can do both. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">As runaway climate change becomes more and more inevitable, climate activists shouldn't only be fighting to "stop" climate change, but to fight for the greenhouse polluters to pay for the cost of defending communities from fires, drought and floods, and demand that they foot the bill when communities are destroyed. This <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2020/jan/07/should-fossil-fuels-pay-for-australias-new-bushfire-reality-it-is-the-industry-most-responsible" target="_blank">call gained some traction during the bushfire crisis</a>, but not enough. As with major devestating events in the past two decades, the job of rebuilding has largely been left to insurance companies, whose goal is to profit from the situation - by <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-02-13/insurance-premiums-pressured-by-bushfires-storms-and-floods/11958410" target="_blank">jacking up insurance premiums on the people most affected.</a></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">Which of these two responses plays out - the cost being placed on those responsible or those affected - will depend on the climate movement, and our ability to take up arguments around climate justice and bushfire justice. I will expand on that more in the last post in this series.</span>Patrick Harrisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09624056329807384704noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1668515921552350069.post-68408587943382941772020-04-30T17:54:00.002+10:002020-05-08T11:38:09.274+10:00Out of the woods, pt 1<span style="font-size: large;">I have been getting into the woods a lot lately. Last year I started including trail running as part of my habit, and tackled my first big trail race, the 30km Coastal Classic, in September. It's an event that runs through the second oldest National Park in the world, the Royal National Park, although the beautiful old single track is being built out in most sections by fibreglass decking.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmsik7hsEgF6g36hWaSu-xQpNsBuoAAnKXOmOszyzRbNTXAbxLv35ja066epg0fvVDmzB5nofbUDEKfU3XfkqnLextw0JqJQRq8Al63knylA45Z-vvB5RCzUbqcx8sZ_3etshLXbWbouo/s1600/3H7C6762.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1067" data-original-width="1600" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmsik7hsEgF6g36hWaSu-xQpNsBuoAAnKXOmOszyzRbNTXAbxLv35ja066epg0fvVDmzB5nofbUDEKfU3XfkqnLextw0JqJQRq8Al63knylA45Z-vvB5RCzUbqcx8sZ_3etshLXbWbouo/s320/3H7C6762.JPG" width="320" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">This isn't a completely new thing for me; I used to train for school cross country races by running around the farm paddocks and residual bushland of Jamberoo valley. I've even been running along the Mt Keira ring track, which we hiked around on Scout camps back in the nineties!</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">There's something about getting out into the woodlands and bush that makes trail running a different kind of experience. The natural world doesn't grow in the straight lines and even surfaces of our built environments; you must focus on each step, be aware of each tree and root and rock as you come across them. And the air just seems cleaner. Even during our summer of bushfire catastrophe, when the whole east coast of Australia was suffocating under smoke, getting out into the bush ringing the Illawarra provided some relief from the sense of doom. Every morning I woke up and surveyed the forested escarpment with trepidation, looking for a smoke plume that meant fire in our area, but I still felt like I could breathe easiest out amongst the peaceful gums. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">That last part is why forests are a huge part of climate change - <a href="https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/51289/a-global-garden-plants-storing-carbon" target="_blank">the ways plants breathe</a>, drawing in carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen, is one of the key components of the carbon emissions equation. As it says in <i>Drawdown: The Most Comprehensive Plan Ever Proposed To Reverse Global Warming</i>, "no other mechanism known to humankind is as effective in addressing global warming as capturing carbon dioxide from the air through photosynthesis."</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">Increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has actually allowed plant productivity to increase, and the amount of carbon being drawn down by plants each year has gone up since 1960. As plants grow, <a href="https://forestlearning.edu.au/images/resources/How%20carbon%20is%20stored%20in%20trees%20and%20wood%20products.pdf" target="_blank">they store carbon in their wood</a>, and it is only released back into the atmosphere when it burns or rots:</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="left: 94.4965px; top: 787.891px; transform: scaleX(0.972708);">Australian forests and wood products store or sequester </span><span style="left: 94.4965px; top: 816.216px; transform: scaleX(0.975598);">approximately 57 million tonnes of carbon dioxide which offsets around 10% of the total </span><span style="left: 94.4965px; top: 844.541px; transform: scaleX(0.967281);">greenhouse gases emitted in Australia. This takes into consideration a loss of carbon from </span><span style="left: 94.4965px; top: 872.866px; transform: scaleX(0.969515);">forests each year of approximately 4.4 million tonnes due to prescribed burning, wildfires </span><span style="left: 94.4965px; top: 901.191px; transform: scaleX(0.97318);">and wood harvested for energy.</span><span style="left: 94.4965px; top: 938.976px; transform: scaleX(0.977956);"> Carbon constitutes approximately 50% the dry mass of trees and when wood from these </span><span style="left: 94.4965px; top: 967.301px; transform: scaleX(0.981313);">trees is used to produce wood products the carbon is stored for life in that product. For </span><span style="left: 94.4965px; top: 995.626px; transform: scaleX(0.967251);">framing in our homes this carbon storage is life is around 100 years, around 30 years in </span><span style="left: 94.4965px; top: 1023.95px; transform: scaleX(0.964877);">furniture, 30 years in railroad ties and around 6 years in pallets and paper. Carbon stored in </span><span style="left: 94.4965px; top: 1052.28px; transform: scaleX(0.981918);">wood is only released back to the atmosphere when the wood product is burnt or decays.</span></span></span></blockquote>
<span style="font-size: large;">At present, forests in Australia offset around 10% of our annual emissions (although keep in mind, carbon dioxide isn't the only greenhouse gas contributing to climate change).</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">Afforestation - the planting of trees in areas which have been treeless for at least fifty years - could soak up a lot of the excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. <a href="https://science.sciencemag.org/content/365/6448/76" target="_blank">A study published in Science journal last year</a> identified that "there is room for an extra 0.9 billion hectares of canopy cover, which
could store 205 gigatonnes of carbon in areas that would naturally
support woodlands and forests. This highlights global tree restoration
as one of the most effective carbon drawdown solutions to date." It can be done <a href="https://www.afforestt.com/methodology" target="_blank">cheaply, simply</a> and within the timeframes that are projected to keep warming below 1.5c.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Good news about climate change - reforestation and afforestation can draw down a good chunk of all of humanity's historic greenhouse gas emissions and help undo the damage of anthropogenic climate change.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">However, as the study identifies, that is not the trajectory we are on. We aren't getting into the woods: we are running out of them.</span><br />
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<iframe allowfullscreen="" class="YOUTUBE-iframe-video" data-thumbnail-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/z2ALafImYQ0/0.jpg" frameborder="0" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/z2ALafImYQ0?feature=player_embedded" width="320"></iframe> </div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">The World Wildlife Fund has identified the eastern coast of Australia as <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/mar/05/global-deforestation-hotspot-3m-hectares-of-australian-forest-to-be-lost-in-15-years" target="_blank">a global deforestation front</a> - the only one in the developed world. The biggest part of the front has been in Queensland, where farmers have been given a free rein to clear land over the last decade. The amount of woodland Queensland cleared in 2015-16 alone was 395,000 hectares. The graphic comparison in <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/mar/05/global-deforestation-hotspot-3m-hectares-of-australian-forest-to-be-lost-in-15-years" target="_blank">this Guardian article</a>, when centred on Mt Keira, stretches all the way from the start of the Royal National Park in the north, out to the bushfire-ravaged suburbs of Bargo and Yanderra, and south past Saddleback Mountain. Queensland's annual deforestation of native vegetation is an area bigger than the entire Illawarra region. </span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_tFdGyRi6YXs0nYI-h4CeYKjW9ELIlapTb0G_P6Oh09h4L5EG2jhF80vUcF0jOireTjA7v66KkFoGwQlLW-wUnzZBTIQK81PheX_p7rUkm_QCisD_EY2DkLT3r1OAWM-4jUHKijkT7Es/s1600/deforestation.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="892" data-original-width="1182" height="241" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_tFdGyRi6YXs0nYI-h4CeYKjW9ELIlapTb0G_P6Oh09h4L5EG2jhF80vUcF0jOireTjA7v66KkFoGwQlLW-wUnzZBTIQK81PheX_p7rUkm_QCisD_EY2DkLT3r1OAWM-4jUHKijkT7Es/s320/deforestation.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">The world isn't afforesting or reforesting - it's deforesting. There is some dispute over <a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/global-warming/deforestation/" target="_blank">how fast it is happening</a>, and how much land that humans clear regenerates, but across the world, forests are disappearing. The Amazon, also the scene of a wildfire crisis in 2019, is being <a href="https://www.npr.org/2019/11/18/780408594/amazon-rainforest-sees-biggest-spike-in-deforestation-in-over-a-decade" target="_blank">deforested at an accelerating rate.</a> </span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">Once again, there are market-based solutions in place to address the issue. Carbon credit schemes protect forests in the developing world by paying for trees not to be cut down and carbon to be stored, but, as with all market-based solutions, they simply pass the parcel on to another landowner or industry, offsetting the dirty work of pollution or deforestation that they do, rather than stopping it happening at all. And a carbon credit cannot prevent bushfires destroying the trees and releasing the carbon contained within them anyway. </span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">We are still going the wrong way.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">We are running out of the woods. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">In <a href="https://terminatorline.blogspot.com/2020/05/out-of-woods-pt-2.html" target="_blank">part two</a>, I go into</span><span style="font-size: large;"> what last summer's bushfires mean for carbon emissions, deforestation and climate change calculations.</span></div>
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Patrick Harrisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09624056329807384704noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1668515921552350069.post-29599248325167270522020-04-23T13:50:00.002+10:002020-04-23T13:56:39.313+10:001.5°<span style="font-size: large;">The good news about climate change is that a lot of Australia's political spectrum agrees on a target of under 2</span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;">°</span>, and ideally under 1.5°, of warming.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">What does this target mean? According to the <a href="https://report.ipcc.ch/sr15/pdf/sr15_spm_final.pdf" target="_blank">Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change</a>, writing in 2018: </span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.8333px; left: 169.647px; top: 172.215px; transform: scalex(1.06705);">Climate models project robust</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 9.5px; left: 393.012px; top: 173.444px;">7</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.8333px; left: 397.572px; top: 172.215px; transform: scalex(1.06533);"> differences in regional climate characteristics between present-day </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.8333px; left: 169.652px; top: 193.875px; transform: scalex(1.02229);">and global warming of 1.5°C,</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 9.5px; left: 395.594px; top: 195.111px;">8</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.8333px; left: 400.154px; top: 193.882px; transform: scalex(0.97685);"> and between 1.5°C and 2°C.</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 9.5px; left: 622.246px; top: 195.054px;">8</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.8333px; left: 627.528px; top: 193.882px; transform: scalex(0.984725);"> These differences include increases </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.8333px; left: 169.644px; top: 215.542px; transform: scalex(1.00988);">in: mean temperature in most land and ocean regions (</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.8333px; left: 597.856px; top: 215.542px; transform: scalex(1.04933);">high confidence</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.8333px; left: 718.791px; top: 215.542px; transform: scalex(1.00084);">), hot extremes in most </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.8333px; left: 169.644px; top: 237.202px; transform: scalex(1.09718);">inhabited regions (</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.8333px; left: 312.524px; top: 237.202px; transform: scalex(1.08917);">high confidenc</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.8333px; left: 423.674px; top: 237.202px; transform: scalex(1.09069);">e), heavy precipitation in several regions </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.8333px; left: 737.411px; top: 237.202px; transform: scalex(1.07041);">(medium confidence</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.8333px; left: 889.918px; top: 237.202px; transform: scalex(1.00006);">), </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.8333px; left: 169.644px; top: 258.862px; transform: scalex(1.03403);">and the probability of drought and precipitation deficits in some regions (</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.8333px; left: 741.876px; top: 258.862px; transform: scalex(1.04884);">medium confidenc</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.8333px; left: 881.162px; top: 258.862px; transform: scalex(1.00018);">e). </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.8333px; left: 169.644px; top: 280.522px; transform: scalex(1.0001);">{3.3}</span></blockquote>
<span style="font-size: large;">If we keep to </span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;">1.5°, we have a chance of avoiding the kind of climate catastrophe that we haven't survived as a species since the Bronze Age. Many of the events that a 2</span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;">° trajectory would bring could also trigger massive feedback loops; disruptive events in the global climate which themselves cause further global warming, such as <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/jan/07/the-guardian-view-on-an-ice-sheet-collapse-threatening-the-worlds-coasts" target="_blank">ice sheet collapse</a> or <a href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/long_reads/climate-change-refugees-siberia-permafrost-melt-a9146616.html" target="_blank">permafrost melting</a>.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">What would the difference mean for Australia? The <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-12-06/how-climate-change-has-impacted-your-life/11766018#future" target="_blank">end of this graphic model of temperature changes by the ABC</a> gives a good illustration. With runaway climate change, the disastrous bushfire season we just experienced in Australia would be considered a relatively minor one. Our major cities will regularly experience 50° days in summer, and most of Australia will rapidly become unliveable.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">If we keep to a 1.5° trajectory, warming, drying and intensification of extreme events should plateau, and we will have a chance to adapt our agriculture and living spaces to the new normal. It's not exactly good news, but bushfire seasons shouldn't get much worse than the one the east coast of Australia just had.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">In this context, it's good news that many politicians, from <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2019/oct/09/mark-butler-condemns-labor-frontbenchers-plan-for-settlement-on-climate-change" target="_blank">Labor's Mark Butler</a> to <a href="https://climate-act-images.s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/Main_Bill.pdf" target="_blank">Zali Steggall's Climate Change Act</a> to the <a href="https://greens.org.au/policies/climate-change-and-energy" target="_blank">Australian Greens</a>, say we need to pursue efforts to limit warming to under 2</span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;">°</span>, and ideally, under 1.5°.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">The bad news about climate change, though, is that all of them are lying.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">The <a href="https://www.mcc-berlin.net/en/research/co2-budget.html" target="_blank">countdown clock which I embedded in my last post</a> is another graphic model of climate change - this one from the Mercator Research Institute. It shows, at the present estimated rate of emissions, how long we have left until the world's <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emissions_budget" target="_blank">carbon budgets</a> for the 1.5</span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;">°</span> and 2</span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;">°</span> trajectories modelled by the IPCC are used up. If the world wants to keep to a 1.5</span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;">° and</span> was to keep emitting at the present rate (keeping in mind this hasn't been adjusted to account for the present pandemic), we will need to be emitting less greenhouse gases than the world can absorb some time in 2028.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">Net zero in 8 years.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">The earlier we start reducing emissions, the longer we can buy before we need to reach net zero. But climate change is primarily the responsibility of the global north; <a href="https://www.climateanalytics.org/media/historical_responsibility_report_nov_2015.pdf" target="_blank">20% of GHG emissions in the atmosphere originated from the USA, 17% from the EU</a>, even though they only account for 4.29% and 9.78% of the world's population respectively. So it is our historic responsibility, as nations with the capital on hand because we were able to rapidly industrialise, to <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/nov/23/paris-climate-talks-developed-countries-must-do-more-than-reduce-emissions" target="_blank">decarbonise first</a>. This principle is called <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_justice" target="_blank">climate justice.</a></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">And even if you put the argument that our fair share is more than average aside, the political parties are still lying about the numbers. </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">The Australian Greens come closest to matching the science; their policy is for net zero by "no later than 2040." This date doesn't match up to the remaining carbon budget for a </span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;">1.5</span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;">°</span></span> trajectory unless we make very deep cuts in the next few years and then tapers our reductions towards zero. Their policy mechanisms, of "</span><span style="font-size: large;">strong regulatory intervention and a strong effective price on carbon", are not up to the job. The track record of carbon prices is that, like all other market mechanisms, they are good at making profit, but prone to <a href="https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news/2088228-eu-ets-price-slump-yet-to-boost-coal-plant-margins" target="_blank">spectacular failure</a> and <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2012/sep/10/global-carbon-trading-system" target="_blank">boom-and-bust cycles</a>. These tools are not going to reduce emissions fast enough, even if the Australian Greens took government at the next election (some time before May 2022).</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;">They might keep us within the </span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;">2</span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;">° trajectory, for which the countdown clock runs out in 2045. Yet still the Greens policy states that Australia needs to "</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;">pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels". If they were serious about that goal, then their target for net zero would be much sooner than 2040, and they would not be</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size: large;"> <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2019/mar/28/greens-set-2030-cut-off-for-coal-exports-and-coal-fired-power-stations" target="_blank">allowing coal exports to continue for the rest of the decade.</a></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;">The policies of Labor, and Zali Steggall's climate bill, are even more blatant lies. Both claim to support under </span></span></span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;">2</span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;">°, and ideally </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;">1.5°, of warming. Yet Labor has stated that it will not shut down any coal infrastructure or stop the Adani Carmichael mine, which will itself <a href="https://reneweconomy.com.au/graph-of-the-day-carmichael-coal-mine-to-take-big-chunk-of-carbon-budget-72852/" target="_blank">cancel out all pledged reductions in Australian emissions.</a> It should be no surprise that both have a target of net zero emissions by 2050 - completely incompatible with the </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;">1.5°</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> target, even if Australia ignores the principle of climate justice. If this target allows for decades of coal exports, as <a href="https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/albanese-pledges-carbon-cuts-while-backing-coal-exports-for-decades-20200228-p545fz.html" target="_blank">Labor seems to think it does</a>, then it rules us out of even keeping within 2</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;">°</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> of warming. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;">If Labor takes government at the next election with this policy, or if net zero by 2050 is written into law by the Climate Act, children born today will probably never experience a summer as "mild" as the devestating one we just had. If we start today, then the whole world needs to hit net zero by <a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017Natur.546..593F/abstract" target="_blank">roughly 2040</a> to keep within </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;">°</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> of warming; if we don't start until the next term of government, closer to 2035. A 2050 target guarantees runaway climate change.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;">The policy mechanisms we actually need to keep within a 1.5 carbon budget have been known and available for a long time. <a href="http://media.bze.org.au/ZCA2020_Stationary_Energy_Report_v1.pdf" target="_blank">The Beyond Zero Emissions plan for Australia's stationary energy</a> shows us that a massive expansion of concentrated solar thermal (CST) and wind power, along with improved connection of our grids all the way from east to west coast, could completely decarbonise our electricity grid within a decade. </span></span></span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;">Since that plan was written in 2010, it has only grown more technologically viable - yet, when investment is left to the free market, even a single CST plant with massive support in its local community <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-04-05/solar-thermal-plant-will-not-go-ahead-in-port-augusta/10973948" target="_blank">is struggling to get off the ground.</a> We can't leave it up to the market. What is clearly needed is direct government investment in our energy infrastructure - politically and economically unthinkable in the era of privatisation, at least in this country.</span></span></span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;">But the rules of the neoliberal era have gone out the window in the face of the current pandemic. If we can find hundreds of billions of dollars on demand to boost welfare (and the profit margins of retail giants, private health insurers and landlords), and if we can nationalise hospitals overnight when there is a public health threat - then why can't we do the same to address the climate crisis that threatens to destroy our rural communities and, perhaps, the very existence of our civilization?</span></span></span></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></span></span>
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<br />Patrick Harrisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09624056329807384704noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1668515921552350069.post-71603826839461774202020-04-21T09:15:00.000+10:002020-05-09T17:14:54.006+10:00The Terminator LineSince the world has been overtaken by a pandemic, I've been doing a lot of reading about climate change. I think, in a strange way, it's a good time for it. Firstly because, here in Australia at least, the issue exploded back into the headlines last year. The heads of our emergency services told us that climate change is the root cause of the most devestating bushfire season we've ever had. Following on the heels of the <a href="https://www.schoolstrike4climate.com/" target="_blank">School Strike 4 Climate</a> movement, the fires shifted the conversation out of the weeds of market mechanisms, to the need for bold action in line with the science.<br />
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Secondly, some of the bold actions we need to take, which seemed unthinkable in the era of neoliberalism, are suddenly on the table again - because of the pandemic. Air travel has been heavily restricted, economies have been deliberately shrunk for the sake of public health, the insecurity of a just-in-time global production and transport system has been been rubbed in our faces. And even more than all that, people are realising that the constant need for more - to work and stress our whole lives to forestall the fear that there won't be enough - is actually a social choice.<br />
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Meanwhile, the terminator line keeps approaching. Not the one I started writing about when I was travelling the world, the one that separates day from night; but the one that separates us from a liveable climate for humanity. There may be a blip in global emissions thanks to this pandemic, but if we don't use this opportunity to make radical changes, then the sun will keep setting on us.
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<iframe src="https://www.mcc-berlin.net/fileadmin/data/clock/carbon_clock.htm?i=3267263" style="height: 340px; width: 600px;"></iframe>Patrick Harrisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09624056329807384704noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1668515921552350069.post-30187141868174429562016-01-18T02:07:00.000+11:002016-01-18T02:09:33.726+11:00Navigating Palestine: Christmas donations<h3>
<span class="summary"></span> </h3>
<span class="categoryv3" data-category="personal" title="People"></span><br />
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Three days after Christmas, we planted the olive trees that our generous donors from Australia sponsored, as part of a team of 14 volunteers from 7 countries!<br />
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Here's the location of the field, to the south of Bethlehem district:</div>
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As
you can see, the field is nestled against Route 60, the main Israeli-controlled
road from Jerusalem and Bethlehem to Hebron. Israel has targeted this
area due to it's strategic location along this historic route,
controlling all traffic from the factories and farms of the southern
West Bank to the populated central cities.</div>
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This picture from the Applied Research Institute of Jerusalem - <a href="http://www.arij.org/" id="yiv8746576381yui_3_16_0_1_1451470987534_5472" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">http://www.arij.org/</a>
- shows the geopolitical geography that has placed this Palestinian
land under threat. The field lies within the Efrata settlement bloc, 6km
from the 1949 Armistice line that is supposed to form the border of the
West Bank. The area falls behind the Israeli apartheid wall's route -
the red, yellow and purple line to the east of Efrat - which Israel is
using to try and annex more land in any future peace settlement. So our
donations are helping to assert Palestinian control over their land in
the face of this colonial project.</div>
<div dir="ltr" id="yiv8746576381yui_3_16_0_1_1451470987534_6063">
<br /></div>
<div dir="ltr" id="yiv8746576381yui_3_16_0_1_1451470987534_6189">
The
farmer who owns the land - Issa Salah, or "Abu Mahmoud" - was very
thankful for our donations. Here he is loading his donkey with our olive
saplings!<br />
<br />
<img alt="Inline image" class="yiv8746576381ymail-preserve-class yiv8746576381inline-image-guid-9982a81f-f93c-7c6f-8ea9-2cb6340f8fac yiv8746576381rte-inline-saved-image" id="yiv8746576381yui_3_16_0_1_1451470987534_6375" src="https://us-mg5.mail.yahoo.com/ya/download?mid=2%5f0%5f0%5f2%5f6380%5fAMF2imIAABAUVoO7tgfIMKlc0xo&m=YaDownload&pid=4&fid=Sent&inline=1&appid=yahoomail" style="max-height: 533px; max-width: 800px; width: 100%;" /></div>
<div id="yiv8746576381yui_3_16_0_1_1451470987534_4664">
It's
hard work, digging up the rocky soil to the right depth for planting,
especially in a year which has been as dry as this one - we are still
hopeful for some snow on New Year's Day! But the Palestinians have a
saying that trees planted in December will grow better than those
planted in January, 11 months earlier, as they can take root through the
winter rains. <br />
<br />
<br />
<img alt="Inline image" class="yiv8746576381ymail-preserve-class yiv8746576381inline-image-guid-a5a203c1-13cf-d862-9ebc-ed276e18af8a yiv8746576381rte-inline-saved-image" id="yiv8746576381yui_3_16_0_1_1451470987534_9435" src="https://us-mg5.mail.yahoo.com/ya/download?mid=2%5f0%5f0%5f2%5f6380%5fAMF2imIAABAUVoO7tgfIMKlc0xo&m=YaDownload&pid=5&fid=Sent&inline=1&appid=yahoomail" style="max-height: 533px; max-width: 799px; width: 100%;" /></div>
<img alt="Inline image" class="yiv8746576381ymail-preserve-class yiv8746576381inline-image-guid-3e2934b9-e557-2427-cf7b-3a4c66a20bc6 yiv8746576381rte-inline-saved-image" id="yiv8746576381yui_3_16_0_1_1451470987534_9610" src="https://us-mg5.mail.yahoo.com/ya/download?mid=2%5f0%5f0%5f2%5f6380%5fAMF2imIAABAUVoO7tgfIMKlc0xo&m=YaDownload&pid=6&fid=Sent&inline=1&appid=yahoomail" style="max-height: 266px; max-width: 400px; width: 50%;" /><br />
<br />
<img alt="Inline image" class="yiv8746576381ymail-preserve-class yiv8746576381inline-image-guid-6d0f62b2-c0df-0490-2797-c5ac669fc9ec yiv8746576381rte-inline-saved-image" id="yiv8746576381yui_3_16_0_1_1451470987534_9980" src="https://us-mg5.mail.yahoo.com/ya/download?mid=2%5f0%5f0%5f2%5f6380%5fAMF2imIAABAUVoO7tgfIMKlc0xo&m=YaDownload&pid=7&fid=Sent&inline=1&appid=yahoomail" style="max-height: 800px; max-width: 533px; width: 100%;" /><br />
<div id="yiv8746576381yui_3_16_0_1_1451470987534_7091">
Here
are a couple of shots with the main settlement of Efrat visible in the
background. There are few places in Palestine where settlements aren't
always visible; settlers try to seize strategic land on hilltops all
around the West Bank.</div>
<img alt="Inline image" class="yiv8746576381ymail-preserve-class yiv8746576381inline-image-guid-519fe439-f28c-721a-b5e8-fa99706ec41d yiv8746576381rte-inline-saved-image" id="yiv8746576381yui_3_16_0_1_1451470987534_10240" src="https://us-mg5.mail.yahoo.com/ya/download?mid=2%5f0%5f0%5f2%5f6380%5fAMF2imIAABAUVoO7tgfIMKlc0xo&m=YaDownload&pid=8&fid=Sent&inline=1&appid=yahoomail" style="max-height: 800px; max-width: 533px; width: 100%;" /><br />
<img alt="Inline image" class="yiv8746576381ymail-preserve-class yiv8746576381inline-image-guid-2d36ce54-063d-abf6-3fcf-e723298a2720 yiv8746576381rte-inline-saved-image" id="yiv8746576381yui_3_16_0_1_1451470987534_10398" src="https://us-mg5.mail.yahoo.com/ya/download?mid=2%5f0%5f0%5f2%5f6380%5fAMF2imIAABAUVoO7tgfIMKlc0xo&m=YaDownload&pid=9&fid=Sent&inline=1&appid=yahoomail" style="max-height: 533px; max-width: 800px; width: 100%;" /><br />
Thank you so much for your generosity and solidarity with the people of Palestine!<br />
<br />
<img alt="Inline image" class="yiv8746576381ymail-preserve-class yiv8746576381inline-image-guid-7889642f-5d83-6ef0-6546-a3aa792ad37f yiv8746576381rte-inline-saved-image" id="yiv8746576381yui_3_16_0_1_1451470987534_10887" src="https://us-mg5.mail.yahoo.com/ya/download?mid=2%5f0%5f0%5f2%5f6380%5fAMF2imIAABAUVoO7tgfIMKlc0xo&m=YaDownload&pid=10&fid=Sent&inline=1&appid=yahoomail" style="max-height: 533px; max-width: 800px; width: 100%;" /><br />
<div id="yiv8746576381yui_3_16_0_1_1451470987534_7093">
<br /></div>
<img alt="Inline image" class="yiv8746576381ymail-preserve-class yiv8746576381inline-image-guid-ea34aa14-1c93-73d7-524e-4ae6d30bd287 yiv8746576381rte-inline-saved-image" id="yiv8746576381yui_3_16_0_1_1451470987534_11256" src="https://us-mg5.mail.yahoo.com/ya/download?mid=2%5f0%5f0%5f2%5f6380%5fAMF2imIAABAUVoO7tgfIMKlc0xo&m=YaDownload&pid=11&fid=Sent&inline=1&appid=yahoomail" style="max-height: 800px; max-width: 533px; width: 100%;" /></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Patrick Harrisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09624056329807384704noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1668515921552350069.post-9835249553919986482015-12-23T06:00:00.000+11:002015-12-23T15:16:10.165+11:0030 olive treesSo far, since <a href="http://terminatorline.blogspot.com/p/donate-for-palestine-this-christmas.html">asking for donations for Palestine this Christmas</a>, we've raised donations for 30 olive trees. A massive thankyou for everyone who has donated so far! Certificates have been emailed to all donors.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://tobe-there.com/images/photo-gallery/olive-planting/Planting%20February%204.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://tobe-there.com/images/photo-gallery/olive-planting/Planting%20February%204.JPG" height="240" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
However, there's still a lot more to be done. We will be planting in the days after Christmas, as part of <a href="http://tobe-there.com/en/programs/christmas-in-palestine">To Be There's Christmas</a> tour program, as well as in <a href="http://tobe-there.com/en/programs/tree-planting">February</a> and <a href="http://tobe-there.com/en/programs/palestinian-land-day-tour">March</a>. The field we are working on after Christmas can be planted with 60 to 100 trees, so there's still plenty of room for more donations. <br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://thepalestinianolive.files.wordpress.com/2012/05/2012-02-08-08-53-00.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://thepalestinianolive.files.wordpress.com/2012/05/2012-02-08-08-53-00.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">image courtesy of The Palestinian Olive</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
With the<a href="http://palsolidarity.org/2015/10/settlers-terrorize-palestinian-farmers-in-burin-burn-trees-and-disrupt-olive-harvest/"> news of more attacks</a> on Palestinian farmers in the West Bank, and the continuing death toll from extrajudicial killings by Israeli shooters, both military and civilians, our solidarity is more important than ever. Please donate! Get in touch<a href="mailto:patrick.harrison94@yahoo.com.au" target="_blank"> via email</a> if you are interested.<br />
<br />
<br />Patrick Harrisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09624056329807384704noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1668515921552350069.post-13454297911230222862015-12-23T02:30:00.001+11:002015-12-23T02:30:45.638+11:00Palestine: Intensified boycott campaign responds to Israel's intensified repression<div id="content-header">
<span class="date-display-single">Originally published by <a href="https://www.greenleft.org.au/node/60770">Green Left Weekly</a>, December 4.</span></div>
<div id="content-header">
<span class="date-display-single"> </span></div>
<img src="http://www.telesurtv.net/__export/1448796646057/sites/telesur/img/news/2015/11/29/israel_detained_1x200_palestinian_children_since_oct._1_crop1448796594624.jpg_1718483346.jpg" width="100%" /><br />
<i>Israel has detained at least 1200 children since October 1.</i><br />
<br />
As the latest upsurge in mass Palestinian resistance to Israel's
occupation entered its third month, the world marked the International
Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People on November 29.<br />
<br />
The date marks the UN's recognition of Palestine as a non-member
observer state in 2012, as well as the adoption of the original UN
partition plan in 1947, that divided Palestine into two states.<br />
<br />
Governments and international bodies around the world took the
opportunity to express solidarity with the Palestinian people. Yet there
are no signs that the self-styled “international community” — in
reality, the Western imperialist countries and their allies — are making
the radical shift away from supporting Israel's crimes that true solidarity would entail.<br />
<br />
The day before, the Palestinian Liberation Organisation (PLO) issued a damning statement announcing the <a href="http://www.telesurtv.net/english/news/Israel-Detained-1200-Palestinian-Children-Since-Oct.-1-20151129-0005.html" target="_blank">number of Palestinians arrested by the occupying forces since October 1</a> had reached 2400 — half of them children under 18.<br />
<br />
The death toll from the recent violence is 104 Palestinians, 21 Israelis, one American and one Eritrean, <a href="http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/11/israeli-police-kill-palestinian-teenager-jerusalem-151130040834281.html" target="_blank">Al Jazeera reported on November 30</a>.<br />
<br />
The death of Palestinians have been obfuscated by Israel's propaganda
machine, with victims slandered as "stone throwers" or "knife
attackers".<br />
<br />
<b>Extrajudicial killings</b><br />
An example of this was the murder of Ashraqat Taha Ahmad Qatanani, 16
years old, at Huwarra checkpoint on November 22. She was run over by a
prominent Israeli settler, Gershon Mesika, whose car ran off the road
after striking Qatanani.<br />
<br />
He alleged, without any evidence, she was about to attempt a stabbing
of Israelis waiting at the checkpoint's bus stop. “I didn't think
twice: I stepped on the gas,” he told <i>Arutz Sheva</i> that day. <i>Arutz Sheva</i> dubbed Mesika a "hero civilian" who "thwarted a stabbing".<br />
<br />
After Mesika ran her down, nearby soldiers shot the wounded teenager, who died at the scene.<br />
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, who visited the US in
November, took the opportunity to press Barack Obama's government to
recognise the illegal settlements built on Palestinian land in the West
Bank, <i>Haaretz</i> reported on November 24.<br />
<br />
<b>Internet access</b><br />
Meanwhile, the Israeli government has finally allowed for West Bank
Palestinians to access 3G mobile internet infrastructure, with an
agreement signed by Israel's Army Coordinator Yoav Mordachai and
Palestine's Minister for Civil Affairs Hussein al-Sheikh on November 19.<br />
<br />
Mamoun Mattar, a Palestinian IT and broadcasting expert, told <a href="http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2015/11/3g-palestine-late-israel-151129063333397.html" target="_blank">Al Jazeera on November 29</a>: “I am not sure it is that advantageous now to go to 3G while all surrounding countries are using 4G and are preparing for 5G.”<br />
<br />
He said Israel had only allowed the concession as they had already
upgraded their network to 4G, leaving the frequencies vacant. However,
communication will still be restricted — and Gazan Palestinians won't be
granted access to 3G at all.<br />
<br />
<b>BDS backlash</b><br />
The strongest international responses to the latest wave of
oppression have been through the movement for Boycott, Divestment and
Sanctions (BDS). Some important BDS campaigns have come to fruition.<br />
<br />
The American Anthropological Association <a href="https://anthroboycott.wordpress.com/2015/11/24/a-historic-night-for-the-american-anthropological-association" target="_blank">overwhelmingly voted to support boycotting Israeli academic institutions on November 20</a>, joining a number of United States academic bodies which have supported the academic boycott in recent years.<br />
<br />
Campaign group Anthropologists for the Boycott of Israeli Academic
Institutions declared the victory “a historic day for the Association,
affirming the finest anti-colonial, anti-racist traditions within the
discipline of anthropology.”<br />
<br />
And while it falls far short of full BDS against Israel, the European
Union's decision to mandate all Israeli settlement goods be clearly
labelled on November 11 poses a real threat to Israel's attempts to
annex the West Bank by stealth through ever-expanding settlements.<br />
<br />
<b>Hysteria over BDS</b><br />
The decision has resulted in <a href="http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-11-11/eu-backs-israeli-settlement-product-labels/6933326" target="_blank">hysteria in Israel</a>,
with Netanyahu responding that the decision “brings back dark
memories”, alluding to the boycott of Jewish businesses during the
1930s. Other Israeli government ministers repeated the clichéd
denunciations of “disguised anti-Semitism”.<br />
<br />
Netanyahu even announced on November 29, International Day of
Solidarity with the Palestinian People, that Israel would unilaterally
suspend the European Union from peace talks between Israel and
Palestine.<br />
<br />
Hysteria over BDS has even led Israel's parliament, the Knesset, to
pass the initial reading of a law that would “bar anyone who publicly
calls to boycott Israel or part of Israel from entering the country.”
Lawmaker MK Yinon Magal said, “Anyone who wants to boycott is welcome to
do so from Syria.”<br />
<br />
The Israeli hysteria over BDS, or even partial measures like the EU's
settlement labelling decisions, is an indication that international
solidarity with Palestine can be effective.<br />
<br />
Israeli military companies have recently begun to feel the impact, with their exports last year falling to <a href="http://www.bdsmovement.net/2015/israeli-arms-exports-hit-13488" target="_blank">just 53% of their 2012 peak</a>, prompting Israel's four biggest arms dealers to write a letter warning Netanyahu of a “major crisis”.<br />
<br />
But the Australian subsidiary Israeli arms dealer Elbit, which was
targeted by BDS protesters in 2014, hopes to kick-start their faltering
exports with a new joint bid with Australian manufacturer Elphinstone
Group to <a href="http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-09-25/tasmanias-elphinstone-bids-3-billion-dollar-adf-contract/6805630" target="_blank">build 225 Sentinel II vehicles for the Australian Defence Forces (ADF)</a>.<br />
<br />
This should be the focus of protests.Patrick Harrisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09624056329807384704noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1668515921552350069.post-52012535523504496952015-12-08T20:17:00.002+11:002015-12-08T20:17:49.929+11:00Occupied Palestine: How Israeli occupation trashes the environment<i>Originally published by <a href="https://www.greenleft.org.au/node/60732">Green Left Weekly</a>, November 23</i><br />
<br />
<i><img height="310" src="https://mardafarm.files.wordpress.com/2013/01/9.jpeg?w=700&h=&crop=1" width="400" /> </i><br />
<br />
Ownership of the land of Palestine is hotly contested, so it is
little surprise that the Earth itself is often the first casualty of
Israel's occupation.<br />
<br />
Israel uses a variety of tactics to try and drive Palestinians from
their traditional lands and claim the spoils. This can mean direct
violence against people, which includes settlers destroying the olive
groves that Palestinian farmers have maintained for thousands of years.<br />
<br />
But Israel also uses a scorched earth approach: contaminating arable
land with garbage, draining aquifers of water and denying Palestinians
the ability to develop sustainably.<br />
<br />
<b>Water</b><br />
The apartheid practices of the state of Israel restrict day-to-day access to water for Palestinians. A <a href="http://www.alhaq.org/publications/Water-For-One-People-Only.pdf" target="_blank">2013 report by Palestinian human rights organisation Al-Haq</a>
shows that water consumption by Israelis is around three to four times
higher than that of Palestinians in the Occupied Territories.<br />
<br />
Palestinian water consumption in the West Bank averages 73 litres per
person per day, well below the World Health Organisation minimum of 100
litres, while Israelis use 300 litres on average. Israeli settlers
consume even more — averaging 373 litres for personal use — while
agricultural settlements in the Jordan Valley draw a whopping 1312
litres per capita.<br />
<br />
“The level of unrestricted access to water enjoyed by those residing
in Israel and Israeli settlers demonstrates that resources are plentiful
and that the lack of sufficient water for Palestinians is a direct
result of Israel's discriminatory policies in water management,” the
report states.<br />
<br />
The way Israel achieves this plentiful supply of water is through
over-extraction from the Jordan River and the aquifers that lie
underneath Israel, the West Bank, Gaza and the Sinai. Al-Haq reports
that 38 Israeli wells are located in the West Bank, and Palestinians are
denied access to waters of the Jordan River, despite it forming the
eastern boundary of the West Bank under international law.<br />
<br />
Friends of the Earth Middle East, a joint Israeli-Palestinian-Jordanian organisation, <a href="http://foeme.org/www/?module=projects&project_id=23" target="_blank">reports that,</a>
“Diversion of 96% of its fresh water, in addition to discharge of large
quantities of untreated sewage, threatens to irreversibly damage the
River Valley.”<br />
<br />
<b>Waste</b><br />
Sewage dumping is not just a problem for the Jordan River Valley.
Israeli settlements routinely release their waste water so as to
contaminate Palestinian agricultural land, while landfill is often
routinely dumped by Israeli companies on Palestinian land.<br />
<br />
“Israel has been dumping waste, including hazardous and toxic waste,
into the West Bank for years as a cheaper and easier alternative to
processing it properly in Israel at appropriate hazardous waste
management sites,” <a href="http://www.ipsnews.net/2009/05/environment-west-bank-becomes-waste-land/" target="_blank">Palestinian Environmental Authority (PEA) deputy director Jamil Mtoor told Inter Press Service in 2009</a>.<br />
<br />
Attempts by Palestinians to establish any kind of waste recycling are
routinely frustrated by Israel. Restrictions on construction outside of
the densely populated Zones A & B of the West Bank — under full or
partial control of the Palestinian Authority, respectively — are almost
total.<br />
<br />
Industries which are able to recycle waste have even been actively
targeted by Israel. In 2005, Israel banned sulphuric acid from entering
the West Bank due to “security concerns”. This has meant a recycling
plant used by the tanning industry in Hebron for removal of chromium has
been unable to function and Palestinian tanneries have been at risk of
closure since, <a href="https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/news/middle-east/17246-palestinian-tanneries-at-risk-of-closure" target="_blank"><i>Middle East Monitor</i> reported in February</a>.<br />
<br />
<b>Agricultural resistance</b><br />
There are a variety of ways in which Palestinians resist Israel's
environmental degradation of their country. Permaculture offers a way to
bring together issues of environmental degradation, food security and
maintaining traditional culture.<br />
<br />
“Permaculture as a technique is not a new thing for us as Palestinians,” Palestinian farmer Murad al-Khufash told <i>Green Left Weekly</i>.
“Before the occupation, before the new technologies, chemical
fertilisers, pesticides, etc, we used to live in the permacultural way.
As a word it is new, but the lifestyle is old.”<br />
<br />
Permaculture is an agricultural philosophy based on three principles:
care for the Earth — allowing all life forms in the ecosystem to
flourish; care for people — farming to provide for people's needs; and,
taking a fair share — reinvesting the surplus back into the ecosystem,
rather than the agribusiness logic of extracting as much value from the
soil as possible.<br />
<br />
Al-Khufash owns a permaculture farm in the village of Marda, nestled
beneath the Israeli settlement of Ariel. Israeli human rights
organisation <a href="http://www.btselem.org/settlements/20100830_facts_on_the_settlement_of_ariel" target="_blank">B'tselem reported in 2010</a> that "prolonged neglect of treatment of Ariel's waste water" had already resulted in damage to the surrounding environment.<br />
<br />
"We want to show people you can resist the occupation by having your own security, your own food," al-Khufash told <i>GLW</i>.
"One day I'll have everything set up in the farm: milk, eggs, meats,
vegetables, electricity, water — you don't need anything from outside.
With the checkpoints closing the streets and cities isolated from each
other, it's not easy to get from place to place, so that is a kind of
resistance."Patrick Harrisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09624056329807384704noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1668515921552350069.post-44069978232776456632015-11-30T21:17:00.000+11:002015-11-30T21:18:47.605+11:00Occupied Palestine: Israeli provocations escalate violence<i>Originally published by<a href="https://www.greenleft.org.au/node/60669"> Green Left Weekly</a> on November 16. </i><br />
<br />
Israel has introduced dramatic new restrictions on Palestinians
living in the city of Hebron in response to recent violence and mass
resistance in the occupied West Bank.<br />
<br />
Residents of the Tel Rumeida suburb of Hebron's old quarter have been
interrogated and registered by Israeli soldiers. Residents must undergo
rigorous searches every time they wish to leave or enter their homes,
while outside residents have been refused entry altogether, <a href="http://mondoweiss.net/2015/11/prison-ghettoization-hebron" target="_blank">Mondoweiss reported on November 11</a>.<br />
<br />
The restrictions, which have been in place since October 29, were
described by a resident as being, “Just like in prison. They try to make
you a number, you're not a person”.<br />
<br />
The Tel Rumeida suburb is the flashpoint for tensions between
Palestinians and illegal Israeli settlers and military. It is the
location of the settlement of Ramat Yeshai, first established in 1984.
The area is known for “price tag attacks” (where any attack on settlers
is responded to by indiscriminate violence against Palestinians), and
graffiti slogans such as “gas the Arabs”.<br />
<br />
Unsurprisingly, the Israeli military defends the settlers in their
campaign of terror against residents of Hebron's old city. The <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/31/world/middleeast/israel-restricts-palestinians-entry-into-part-of-hebron.html" target="_blank"><i>New York Times</i> reported on October 30</a>
that the new “precautionary measures” were taken by the Israeli Defence
Force (IDF) “in order to contain potential attacks in the future and
maintain the safety and well being of Israelis”.<br />
<br />
Israeli human rights group <a href="http://www.btselem.org/">B'tselem</a>
has dubbed the restrictions of movement “a collective punishment”. It
said Israeli and international peace monitors have also been barred from
entering the area, allowing for further rights violations to go
undocumented.<br />
<br />
Movement has also been restricted between the entire old quarter of
Hebron and the neighbouring suburbs and villages, with key roads being
bulldozed shut.<br />
<br />
Although they have been justified as “containing potential attacks”,
the restrictions are a clear provocation by the Israeli military. The
closure of the old quarter also lays the groundwork for further land
grabs by settlers in the hotly-contested city.<br />
<br />
In another provocation by the occupation forces earlier in October,
Israeli soldiers shut down Aida Camp, in Bethlehem, and delivered
residents a chilling warning that they would “gas you all until you
die”.<br />
<br />
The incident occurred late in the night on October 29. It was <a href="https://youtu.be/QC5_W_zUzHc" target="_blank">captured on video</a> by Yazan Ikhlayel, 17, from the local youth centre, and quickly went viral on social media.<br />
<br />
The Border Police soldiers, addressing the camp via megaphones on
their jeeps, identified themselves as the “Occupation Army” and warned
they would kill “the children, the youth, the old people” if they did
not stop throwing stones.<br />
<br />
“The most important thing I want people to see when they watch this
video is to realise what the Israeli 'democracy' really is,” Ikhlayel
told <a href="http://www.middleeasteye.net/news/watch-israeli-soldiers-threaten-bethlehem-refugee-camp-over-loudspeaker-1147215543" target="_blank">Middle East Eye on October 30</a>.<br />
<br />
“They have said it for us now, they are an occupation — they said 'we
are the occupation army'. It is proof, this is an apartheid country, it
is not democratic at all.”<br />
<br />
These threats, like the restrictions of movement in Hebron, are a
clear example of disproportionate and collective punishment. They are
also a provocation that could only be aimed at escalated violence.<br />
<br />
The <i>Times of Israel</i> reported the officer responsible for the operation was suspended the day after the incident.<br />
<br />
In yet another deliberate provocation, this one directed at both
Palestinians and the US government, the Jerusalem municipality signed
off on 891 new settlement blocks in the Gilo settlement, the <a href="http://english.pnn.ps/2015/11/">Palestine News Network reported</a> on November 11.<br />
<br />
The settlement of Gilo was built on land expropriated from the East
Jerusalem suburb of Beit Safafa and the Bethlehem suburb of Beit Jala.
The announcement followed the approval of 2200 apartments in Ma'ale
Michmas settlement east of Ramallah on November 10.<br />
<br />
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu defended the announcements
during his tour of the US, insultingly dismissing the size of the built
up settlement areas as “just a few percent.”<br />
<br />
Yet, as the shutdown of Hebron shows, the goal of settlements is to
make life as difficult for neighbouring Palestinians as possible. The
ultimate goal is to force Palestinians to give up and leave — a new,
large scale ethnic cleansing.<br />
<br />
Palestinians have responded with their own call for an escalation —
calling for a global intensification of the boycott, divest and sanction
(BDS) campaign targetting Israel.<br />
<br />
Uniting efforts behind the hashtag #SolidarityWaveBDS, the Palestinian BDS national committee called for activists to take <a href="http://www.bdsmovement.net/2015/call-out-international-wave-of-solidarity-with-palestine-13334" target="_blank">“international solidarity with the Palestinian popular resistance to the next level”</a>.<br />
<br />
The push has already borne some fruit, with the European Commission
issuing a new guideline on November 11 that all products from Israeli
settlements must be labelled as such.<br />
<br />
If we want to stop the daily provocations and injustices of the
Israeli occupation, then solidarity activists in Australia and around
the world should redouble our efforts for BDS against Israel.Patrick Harrisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09624056329807384704noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1668515921552350069.post-59823106557396215442015-09-27T05:37:00.000+10:002015-09-27T05:45:46.225+10:00The Terminator Line<span style="font-family: inherit;">The terminator line is the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminator_%28solar%29">line on a planetary surface</a> where daylight begins and ends. I thought it was a suitable enough way to reimagine this blog: I've seen my fair share of sunrises and sunsets moving across the landscape below from red eye flights in my recent months of budget travelling and freelance writing. For that matter, I've seen plenty of them from buses, trains or taxis here on solid land; I've looked out the window after the call to prayer wakeup to catch the dawn, and I've sat with a Stella and watched the sun set behind new horizons. <br /><br />The title is a little bit philosophical, too. The start of something new always means the end of what came before it.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Thawra Eyewitness spoke to me in 2011, and for me it still encapsulates the heady excitement of being in the Arab world in that year of overthrown dictators and masses in motion. But here and now in 2015, things are different. For me, I'm no longer a full-time activist; I've given up my roles in the Socialist Alliance, and I'm less an eyewitness and more a writer. And for the Arab world, the revolution is over... bukrah. </span>Patrick Harrisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09624056329807384704noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1668515921552350069.post-20240964501613409032015-09-12T02:25:00.001+10:002015-09-12T02:25:59.970+10:00Reinvention imminentWatch this space.Patrick Harrisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09624056329807384704noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1668515921552350069.post-23931739960631814592015-07-25T23:40:00.000+10:002015-07-25T23:40:38.379+10:00Tunisia: government crackdown misses source of terror<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><i>Submitted to Green Left Weekly for publication.</i><br /><br />The Tunisian government has responded to the June 26
terror attack at the Imperial Marhaba hotel in Sousse with increased security
measures and a crackdown on unlicensed mosques preaching ‘venom’.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The attack on the beachside resort was targeted at
foreign tourists; none of the 38 killed were Tunisians. Seifeddine Rezgui, the
gunman, accessed the beach from the ocean, before storming through the hotel’s
lobby.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">"Rezgui had training in Libya at the end of 2014.
He was trained during the same time in Libya as the Bardo attackers,"
prime ministerial spokesman Dafer Neji <a href="http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/07/01/us-tunisia-security-idUSKCN0PA0GM20150701">told Reuters</a>.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">After escaping from the hotel, Rezgui was confronted
by a local construction worker, Mayel Moncef, who threw tiles at him from a
neighbouring rooftop where he was working. After this, the police intervened,
shooting Rezgui dead.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">"All I did was my duty, the duty of any Tunisian
and any Muslim," Moncef <a href="http://www.channel4.com/news/hero-of-sousse-mayel-moncef-tried-to-stop-tunisia-attack">told Channel 4 news</a>. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">In response to the attack, solidarity marches were
held in Sousse and throughout Tunisia. <a href="http://www.tunisia-live.net/2015/06/28/solidarity-with-sousse/">Two days later</a>, hundreds of activists
joined victims’ families and offical figures on the beach where the attack had
taken place, laying flowers. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The Tunisian government’s response, however, has been
increasing securitisation of the issue of terrorism. <a href="http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-33297245">The BBC has reported</a> that
army reservists will be called up to guard popular tourist hotels, while
hundreds of police have already been mobilised.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><a href="http://www.leaders.com.tn/uploads/FCK_files/Projet%20de%20loi%20relative%20%C3%A0%20la%20lutte%20contre%20le%20terrorisme%20et%20l%27interdiction%20du%20blanchiment%20d%27argent_FR__1%282%29.pdf">New anti-terror legislation</a> will also be rushed
through the parliament in response to the attacks. Mohamed Ennaceur, speaker of
the parliament, vowed that the new legislation, which has been under debate
for months, will be passed ‘by July 25’ <a href="http://www.mosaiquefm.net/fr/index/a/ActuDetail/Element/54047-arp-adoption-de-la-loi-de-lutte-contre-le-terrorisme-avant-le-25-juillet">to radio station Mosaique FM</a>.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The new legislation will reintroduce the death
penalty, undermine due process for suspects or those convicted of
terror-related charges, and allow extended detention – hallmarks of the Ben Ali
regime.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br />Even more worryingly, Prime Minister Habib Essid, an
independent associated with the ex-regime Nidaa Tounes party, has vowed to
close 80 unlicensed mosques. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><a href="http://www.ibtimes.com/tunisia-hotel-attack-prime-minister-vows-close-80-mosques-spreading-venom-country-1986673">Essid said</a>: “Some mosques continue to spread their
propaganda and their venom to promote terrorism. No mosque that does not
conform to the law will be tolerated.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Naturally, this has been welcomed by Europe’s
Islamaphobic right. Roberto Maroni, the governor of Lombardy and a member of
Italy’s Right-wing Northern League party, responded by saying: "If Tunisia
has closed some mosques, it means that it is a road that we have to consider
and also follow,” <a href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/italy/11709585/Lombardy-mayor-calls-for-radical-mosques-across-Italy-to-be-shut-down.html">the Telegraph</a> reported on June 30.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“So I hope that the interior ministry and the
government do not bow to ideologies of any kind, and focus instead on the
safety of citizens and eventually, if necessary, on the closing of the
mosques." </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The logic of this repressive response, however, does
not get to the real origins of terrorism.</span></div>
Tunisian tennis player, Malek Jaziri, <a href="http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/wimbledon-2015-tunisia-star-malek-jaziri-pleads-for-tourists-not-to-stay-away-from-his-country-following-terror-attack-10356370.html">told reporters at Wimbledon</a> “"It
happens when more people are poor. I don't know how they do it but [terrorist
organisations] infect them."<br />
<br />
"The most important thing is we need help in order to protect, to give
confidence to Tunisian people. We are all the same and we are against
terrorism,” he said. <br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
Rezgui was from Gaafour, a town in Tunisia’s impoverished interior region of
Siliana that have seen serious unrest since 2011, including general strikes in
2012 over unemployment and lack of development that <a href="https://www.greenleft.org.au/node/53015">saw the regional governorsacked</a>.<br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">President Beji Caid Essebsi, leader of Nidaa Tounes, <a href="http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php/politics2/28091-caid-essebsi-to-europe-1-state-is-there-and-on-its-feet">told French radio station Europe 1</a> that combatting terrorism is difficult because </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;">"Tunisia
has not the financial resources to pay 2,000 euros to each unemployed,"
referring to sums of money granted to "youths recruited by the Islamic
State."</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Essebsi served as President in the aftermath of Ben
Ali’s overthrow while elections were organised for the Constituent Assembly.
Prior to that, he had been a statesman under the previous dictatorship of Habib
Bourguiba. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">His party leads the government which has taken office
since February. After winning 86 seats in the 217 seat parliament in last
October’s elections, Nidaa Tounes eventually <a href="http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/02/tunisia-approves-coalition-government-150205123748042.html">formed a coalition</a> with the
moderate Islamist party Ennahda, which has previously held government, as well
as liberal parties the Free Patriotic Union (UPL) and Afek Tounes. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Of the parties of the previous “Troika” government,
which ruled through general strikes and the assassination of two Popular Front
trade union leaders, Ennahda fared best in the October elections. Both of their
“liberal” partners, Ettakatol and the Congress for the Republic, lost almost
all representation in the parliament.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The Popular Front, a united left formation that functions
both electorally and in social struggle, was the largest party left out of the
government, holding 15 seats.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Now Hamma Hammami, a leader in the Popular Front, is
criticising the government’s response to the June 26 attack, <a href="http://www.lemonde.fr/international/article/2015/06/27/la-tunisie-durcit-le-ton-face-a-la-montee-des-menaces_4663198_3210.html">telling Le Monde that</a>: “a genuine strategy against terrorism must also incorporate social,
economic, regional, cultural and religious aspects,” and “not just security
ones.”</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Poverty has remained unchanged since the days of the
Ben Ali dictatorship. The latest National Institute of Statistics figures show
poverty at 24.7%, while United Nations Food and Agricultural Organisation data
<a href="http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/security/2014/01/tunisia-poverty-hunger-threaten-unrest.html">shows</a> 1.287 million Tunisians suffer from undernourishment, and 1.928 million
suffer from severe and chronic difficulties in meeting their organic needs.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Despite this, a World Bank document on poverty in
Tunisia currently being prepared recommends more of the same economic medicine
for Tunisia – and argues for restructuring of public banks, and “great
cooperation” of the public & private sector – typical neoliberal language
for partial privatisation, <a href="http://allafrica.com/stories/201506040938.html">reported All Africa</a> on June 3.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Without a government providing real solutions these
kinds of issues, the political vacuum which has bred radicalism will remain,
even now that parliamentary democracy has been established in the nation where
the Arab Spring began.</span></div>
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Patrick Harrisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09624056329807384704noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1668515921552350069.post-51092258628950569642015-01-26T10:06:00.003+11:002015-01-26T10:06:50.346+11:00Always Was, Always Will Be<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://fbcdn-sphotos-g-a.akamaihd.net/hphotos-ak-xfp1/v/t1.0-9/10610900_833849303341544_2455097114670204971_n.jpg?oh=7487aba335501d5817585874ea28b4f6&oe=5527AA14&__gda__=1432669085_78289e923a04b203d5f897e8427b7d16" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://fbcdn-sphotos-g-a.akamaihd.net/hphotos-ak-xfp1/v/t1.0-9/10610900_833849303341544_2455097114670204971_n.jpg?oh=7487aba335501d5817585874ea28b4f6&oe=5527AA14&__gda__=1432669085_78289e923a04b203d5f897e8427b7d16" /></a></div>
<br />Patrick Harrisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09624056329807384704noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1668515921552350069.post-44271917262029701202014-07-29T10:36:00.001+10:002014-07-29T10:36:42.588+10:00What Can You Do For Palestine?If you're in Australia and looking for a way to make humanitarian donations that you know will reach their destination, then I recommend donating to the <a href="http://www.apheda.org.au/news/1405403245_13079.html">APHEDA Gaza appeal</a>. They have supported many different projects in Gaza and the West Bank, including the el-Wafa hospital which was recently bombed by Israel.<br />
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Longer term, one of the most useful projects I've been involved with is the <a href="http://www.jai-pal.org/en/">Keep Hope Alive</a> olive harvesting program. Travelling to the West Bank and <a href="http://thawraeyewitness.blogspot.com.au/2011/11/palestine-olive-harvest-diaries.html">taking part in the harvest</a> was one of the most useful things I feel like I have done; the planting is harder work, but speaking to those who have done it, even more fulfilling.<br />
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Keep yourself informed - here in Australia we have a corporate media which, at best, equates the violence of the occupied with that of the occupier, and at worst echoes Tony Abbott's "<a href="http://www.jewishnews.net.au/abbott-we-are-all-israeli/25335">We Are All Israeli</a>" line. Sites like <a href="http://electronicintifada.net/">Electronic Intifada</a> and <a href="http://972mag.com/">+972</a> are great trustworthy sources. This <a href="http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736%2814%2961044-8/fulltext">open letter from Gaza</a> is worth reading too.<br />
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And then engage in information making, too - share to your networks, whether social media or around your workplace or communities. Update <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_Israel%E2%80%93Gaza_conflict">Wikipedia</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaza%E2%80%93Israel_conflict">pages</a> so those who are looking for easy answers don't get the wrong ones. <br />
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Go beyond your comfort zone. Unfortunately I work weekends and haven't been able to attend many local rallies personally, but if you can, please do. We don't have the strength of institutional bias or resources that defenders of Zionism do, but we have justice on our side, and when we unite in mass action that narrative can win through. The <a href="https://www.facebook.com/events/1446288648971608/">next Sydney rally</a> is on August 3.Patrick Harrisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09624056329807384704noreply@blogger.com0